Impact of Single-Side Deafness on Listening Effort: A Prospective Comparative Study

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1002/lio2.70185

Wenwen Su, Yuqi Xia, Caifeng Xia, Yue Zhang, Yanmei Zhang, Yuhe Liu

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Abstract

Objective

Single-sided deafness (SSD) impairs sound source localization and speech recognition in noisy environments, requiring greater listening effort from affected individuals. Using pupillometry, this study aimed to investigate listening effort across two cognitive dimensions: selective attention and working memory in patients with SSD.

Methods

Forty-six participants were divided into a unilateral deafness (SSD) group and a normal hearing (NH) group. They completed two tests involving word and sentence recognition tasks, with accuracy and pupil diameter changes serving as indicators of listening effort and cognitive resource allocation. The main pupillary indices calculated and analyzed were baseline pupil diameter, peak value, and mean diameter.

Results

The results showed that auditory threshold and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) significantly influenced the accuracy of behavior. Pupillometry results for selective attention revealed a progressive increase in pupil diameter in the SSD group after the alert period of listening, with levels significantly higher than that of the NH group. During working memory tasks, participants with SSD demonstrated an initial increase in pupil diameter, followed by a decline throughout the task, suggesting persistent cognitive strain and potential fatigue.

Conclusion

Patients with SSD exert greater listening effort during daily communication. The findings emphasize the importance of personalized rehabilitation strategies targeting speech perception and auditory comfort to enhance communication outcomes and overall well-being for patients with SSD.

Level of Evidence

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单侧耳聋对听力影响的前瞻性比较研究

目的单侧耳聋（SSD）在嘈杂环境中影响声源定位和语音识别，需要个体付出更大的听力努力。使用瞳孔测量法，本研究旨在调查SSD患者在两个认知维度上的听力努力：选择性注意和工作记忆。方法将46例患者分为单侧耳聋（SSD）组和听力正常（NH）组。他们完成了单词和句子识别任务的两项测试，准确性和瞳孔直径的变化是听力努力和认知资源分配的指标。计算和分析的主要瞳孔指标为基线瞳孔直径、峰值瞳孔直径和平均瞳孔直径。结果听觉阈值和信噪比显著影响行为的准确性。选择性注意瞳孔测量结果显示，SSD组在听警报期后瞳孔直径逐渐增大，且明显高于NH组。在工作记忆任务中，患有SSD的参与者表现出瞳孔直径最初增加，随后在整个任务中下降，这表明持续的认知紧张和潜在的疲劳。结论SSD患者在日常交流中倾听力度加大。研究结果强调了针对语音感知和听觉舒适的个性化康复策略的重要性，以提高SSD患者的沟通结果和整体幸福感。证据级别4

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