Beyond total depressive symptoms: Differential associations between depressive domains, HIV status and disease characteristics

IF 3.3 2区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Psychosomatic Research Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112311

Maximo Prescott , Crystal Wang , Miya Gentry , Donald Franklin , Murray B. Stein , Joseph Hampton Atkinson , Ronald Ellis , Robert K. Heaton , Jessica Montoya , David Moore , Jennifer Iudicello

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

People with HIV (PWH) are at two times greater risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) than people without HIV (PWoH), which manifests in symptoms across cognitive, somatic, affective, apathy, and anhedonia domains that may differentially impact clinical outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether HIV and its characteristics relate to depressive symptom domains.

Methods

This secondary, cross-sectional analysis included 3456 participants enrolled in studies at the UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program and CHARTER sites between 2000 and 2023 (79 % PWH, 78 % male, Age: M = 47.8). Depressive symptom domains were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Multivariable linear regression models evaluated associations between HIV, HIV disease characteristics, and depressive symptom domains while controlling for covariates.

Results

HIV diagnosis was significantly associated with higher severity across depressive symptom domains (affective: B = 0.51, cognitive: B = 0.44, somatic: B = 1.55, anhedonia: B = 0.52, apathy: B = 0.58, all ps < 0.05) and overall depressive symptoms (BDI-II total: B = 2.51, p < 0.01) while adjusting for covariates. Among PWH, HIV viral suppression was associated with fewer overall depressive symptoms, driven by fewer cognitive and somatic symptoms (ps < 0.01), while higher current CD4⁺ T-cell count was associated with fewer affective and apathy symptoms (ps < 0.05).

Conclusion

HIV diagnosis was associated with higher depressive symptoms across all domains. Current HIV disease indicators and duration of HIV disease were associated with select depressive domains to varying degrees, except for the anhedonia domain. These findings highlight the potential importance of examining individual symptom domains as they differentially associate with varying aspects of HIV disease, which may provide insight into specific treatment targets.

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超越总体抑郁症状：抑郁域、HIV状态和疾病特征之间的差异关联

HIV感染者（PWH）患重度抑郁症（MDD）的风险是未感染者（PWH）的两倍，其表现为认知、躯体、情感、冷漠和快感缺乏领域的症状，这些症状可能会对临床结果产生不同的影响。然而，很少有研究调查艾滋病毒及其特征是否与抑郁症状领域有关。方法这项次要的横断面分析纳入了2000年至2023年间在UCSD HIV神经行为研究项目和CHARTER站点注册的3456名参与者（79% PWH， 78%男性，年龄：M = 47.8）。用贝克抑郁量表（BDI-II）评估抑郁症状域。在控制协变量的情况下，多变量线性回归模型评估了HIV、HIV疾病特征和抑郁症状域之间的关联。结果shiv诊断与抑郁症状严重程度显著相关(情感性：B = 0.51，认知：B = 0.44，躯体：B = 1.55，快感缺乏：B = 0.52，冷漠：B = 0.58，所有ps <；0.05)和总体抑郁症状(BDI-II总分：B = 2.51, p <；0.01)，同时调整协变量。在PWH中，HIV病毒抑制与较少的总体抑郁症状相关，这是由较少的认知和躯体症状驱动的(ps <；0.01)，而较高的当前CD4+ t细胞计数与较少的情感和冷漠症状相关(ps <；0.05)。结论hiv诊断与各领域抑郁症状升高相关。目前的HIV疾病指标和HIV疾病持续时间与选择的抑郁域有不同程度的关联，快感缺乏域除外。这些发现强调了检查个体症状域的潜在重要性，因为它们与HIV疾病的不同方面存在差异，这可能为特定的治疗靶点提供见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Psychosomatic Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

6.40%

发文量

314

审稿时长

6.2 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Psychosomatic Research is a multidisciplinary research journal covering all aspects of the relationships between psychology and medicine. The scope is broad and ranges from basic human biological and psychological research to evaluations of treatment and services. Papers will normally be concerned with illness or patients rather than studies of healthy populations. Studies concerning special populations, such as the elderly and children and adolescents, are welcome. In addition to peer-reviewed original papers, the journal publishes editorials, reviews, and other papers related to the journal''s aims.