Prediction of the elastic film effect on sound attenuation of custom molded solid earplugs using transfer matrices

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110919

Shuhan Liu , Raphaël Pile , Robin Petit , Joséphine Pérot-Le Gal , Olivier Thomas , Simon Benacchio

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Abstract

In this paper, an analytical model of the air-conducted sound propagation in an earplug equipped with a film filter is proposed to explain and predict its acoustic attenuation. The model is developed using the transfer matrix (TM) method under the plane wave assumption, with the elastic film modeled as a prestressed circular plate based on the Kirchhoff-Love theory. This film is coupled with multiple interconnected air cavities to form the TM model of the earplug. The validity and limitations of the model are assessed through comparisons with numerical simulations using the finite element (FE) method. The predicted resonant frequencies deviate by less than 2% within the audible frequency band. The TM model is therefore considered useful to conduct parametric studies in order to provide a physical understanding of the predicted sound attenuation of film filters, as well as their optimization. The influence of the film parameters, such as mass, surface tension, and cavity geometrical parameters on the earplugs' sound attenuation is analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, with a focus on amplitude and characteristic frequencies.

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利用传递矩阵预测弹性膜对定制成型实心耳塞的消声效果

本文建立了带薄膜过滤器的耳塞内空气传导声传播的解析模型，用以解释和预测其声衰减。该模型采用平面波假设下的传递矩阵（TM）方法，基于Kirchhoff-Love理论将弹性膜建模为预应力圆板。该薄膜与多个相互连接的空腔相结合，形成耳塞的TM模型。通过与有限元数值模拟结果的比较，分析了模型的有效性和局限性。在可听频带内，预测的共振频率偏差小于2%。因此，TM模型被认为有助于进行参数化研究，以便对薄膜滤波器的预测声衰减及其优化提供物理理解。定性和定量地分析了薄膜质量、表面张力、腔体几何参数等参数对耳塞吸声性能的影响，重点分析了其幅值和特征频率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Acoustics 物理-声学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

618

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Since its launch in 1968, Applied Acoustics has been publishing high quality research papers providing state-of-the-art coverage of research findings for engineers and scientists involved in applications of acoustics in the widest sense. Applied Acoustics looks not only at recent developments in the understanding of acoustics but also at ways of exploiting that understanding. The Journal aims to encourage the exchange of practical experience through publication and in so doing creates a fund of technological information that can be used for solving related problems. The presentation of information in graphical or tabular form is especially encouraged. If a report of a mathematical development is a necessary part of a paper it is important to ensure that it is there only as an integral part of a practical solution to a problem and is supported by data. Applied Acoustics encourages the exchange of practical experience in the following ways: • Complete Papers • Short Technical Notes • Review Articles; and thereby provides a wealth of technological information that can be used to solve related problems. Manuscripts that address all fields of applications of acoustics ranging from medicine and NDT to the environment and buildings are welcome.