Modeling physiological and thermoregulatory responses during an Olympic triathlon

IF 2.9 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Irena I. Yermakova , Adam W. Potter , Christopher L. Chapman , Karl E. Friedl
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Abstract

Olympic triathlons are physiologically challenging with varying environmental conditions and physical demands through three events that create a complex dynamic affecting performance and injury risk. Mathematical models provide useful insights into these physiological and thermal responses imposed on individuals and allow for risk mitigation strategies, after action assessments, and for potential training optimization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermoregulatory responses continuously during Olympic triathlon for athletes using a mathematical model. Methods: The Health Risk Prediction Model (HRP), a validated 14-segment mathematical model was used to predict physiological and thermoregulatory outcomes during each phase of an Olympic triathlon. Simulated inputs were derived from the observed conditions from the Summer Olympic Games - Rio de Janeiro – 2016, during the men's triathlon (August 18, 2016, starting at 11:00 a.m.). Environmental conditions were: water temperature of 25 °C, air temperature 28 °C, relative humidity 50 %, and 5 m/s wind speed. Metabolic rates were calculated based on times to finish each phase (swimming 36 min at 900 kcal/h, cycling 72 min at 1000 kcal/h, and running 60 min at 900 kcal/h), associated transition times (3 and 1.5 min), and the entire collective event (2 h, 52 min, 30 s). Results and Discussion: This work represents an initial effort to comprehensively model physiological and thermoregulatory effects during an extraordinarily complex event, the Olympic triathlon. Physiological modeling provides insights into the interrelated changes occurring during each phase of exercise and the transitions between them. Lastly, these model results focus additional research questions.
模拟奥运会铁人三项期间的生理和体温调节反应
奥林匹克铁人三项是一项具有生理挑战的运动,在不同的环境条件和身体要求下,三项赛事会产生复杂的动态影响,影响成绩和受伤风险。数学模型提供了对施加于个体的这些生理和热反应的有用见解,并允许采取风险缓解策略、行动后评估和潜在的培训优化。本研究的目的是利用数学模型来评估奥运会铁人三项运动员的体温调节反应。方法:采用健康风险预测模型(HRP),一个经过验证的14段数学模型来预测奥运会铁人三项每个阶段的生理和体温调节结果。模拟输入来源于2016年里约热内卢夏季奥运会男子铁人三项比赛(2016年8月18日上午11点开始)的观测条件。环境条件:水温25℃,空气温度28℃,相对湿度50%,风速5 m/s。代谢率是根据完成每个阶段的时间(900 kcal/h游泳36分钟,1000 kcal/h骑车72分钟,900 kcal/h跑步60分钟),相关的过渡时间(3和1.5分钟)以及整个集体事件(2小时,52分钟,30秒)来计算的。结果和讨论:这项工作代表了在奥林匹克铁人三项这一极其复杂的赛事中全面模拟生理和体温调节效应的初步努力。生理模型提供了在运动的每个阶段发生的相互关联的变化以及它们之间的过渡的见解。最后,这些模型结果聚焦于其他研究问题。
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来源期刊
Journal of thermal biology
Journal of thermal biology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
196
审稿时长
14.5 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are: • The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature • The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature • Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause • Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span • Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment • The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man • Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature • Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever • Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia Article types: • Original articles • Review articles
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