Impact of micro- and nano-plastics on marine organisms under environmentally relevant conditions

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107475

Ruirui Wang , Hongmei Tan , Xiaochen Huang , Jianjun Wang , Wenli Su , Farhana Maqbool , Lu Liu , Yuanshuo Ma , Meng Wang , Zhuomiao Liu , Xia Liu , Yanhui Dai , Tongtao Yue , Zhenyu Wang , Jian Zhao

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Abstract

Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) pollution is a major issue of global concern, and the impacts of MNPs to marine organisms under environmentally relevant conditions were reviewed. Occurrence and distribution of both microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in different marine environments were summarized based on current literature, showing that the maximal concentrations were 24.29 particles/L (Sanggou Bay) and 0.067 mg/L (polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) in Antarctica sea ice), respectively. Impact of MNPs to different species of marine organisms (microalgae, crustaceans, gastropods and fish) at environmental concentrations were discussed. For microalgae, MPs at environmental concentrations (≤ 2 mg/L) showed two different short-term performances: no significant effect (52%) or significant inhibition (48%) on growth, while the long-term MPs stress could be alleviated through microalgae adaptation. Notably, the promotion of microalgae growth was observed after both short-term and long-term exposures of NPs. For high-trophic organisms (crustaceans, gastropods and fish), MNPs could induce physiological damage, and even cause reproductive toxicity. Environmental factors (e.g., dissolved organic matter, salinity and temperature) could alter the bioavailability and toxicity of MNPs, which were systematically introduced. Additionally, the impact of MNPs on the composition and diversity of marine communities were emphasized. Knowledge gaps were finally pointed out for better understanding the impact of MNPs under environmentally relevant conditions. This review provides useful information on the impact and risk of MNPs to marine organisms and the entire ecosystem.

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微塑料和纳米塑料在环境相关条件下对海洋生物的影响

微纳米塑料污染是全球关注的一个重要问题，本文综述了微纳米塑料在环境相关条件下对海洋生物的影响。在文献综述的基础上，总结了微塑料（MPs）和纳米塑料（NPs）在不同海洋环境中的存在和分布情况，结果表明，微塑料（MPs）和纳米塑料（NPs）的最大浓度分别为24.29 mg/L（桑沟湾）和0.067 mg/L（聚乙烯（PE）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚苯乙烯（PS）在南极海冰中）。讨论了环境浓度下MNPs对不同种类海洋生物（微藻、甲壳类、腹足类和鱼类）的影响。对于微藻而言，环境浓度（≤2 mg/L）下的MPs短期表现为对生长无显著影响（52%）或显著抑制（48%），而长期MPs胁迫可通过微藻适应得到缓解。值得注意的是，短期和长期暴露于NPs后都观察到微藻生长的促进作用。对于高营养生物（甲壳类、腹足类和鱼类），MNPs可引起生理损伤，甚至引起生殖毒性。环境因素（如溶解的有机物、盐度和温度）可以改变MNPs的生物利用度和毒性，对此进行了系统介绍。此外，还强调了MNPs对海洋群落组成和多样性的影响。最后指出了知识差距，以便更好地了解MNPs在环境相关条件下的影响。这篇综述提供了关于MNPs对海洋生物和整个生态系统的影响和风险的有用信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquatic Toxicology 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

4.40%

发文量

250

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquatic Toxicology publishes significant contributions that increase the understanding of the impact of harmful substances (including natural and synthetic chemicals) on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Aquatic Toxicology considers both laboratory and field studies with a focus on marine/ freshwater environments. We strive to attract high quality original scientific papers, critical reviews and expert opinion papers in the following areas: Effects of harmful substances on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem level; Toxic Mechanisms; Genetic disturbances, transgenerational effects, behavioral and adaptive responses; Impacts of harmful substances on structure, function of and services provided by aquatic ecosystems; Mixture toxicity assessment; Statistical approaches to predict exposure to and hazards of contaminants The journal also considers manuscripts in other areas, such as the development of innovative concepts, approaches, and methodologies, which promote the wider application of toxicological datasets to the protection of aquatic environments and inform ecological risk assessments and decision making by relevant authorities.