The interaction between exercise and sleep with heart rate variability: cross-sectional study.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHYSIOLOGY

European Journal of Applied Physiology Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI:10.1007/s00421-025-05887-y

Taylor Fein, T Muhammad, Soomi Lee

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Abstract

Purpose: To examine whether the interaction between exercise intensity and sleep duration/quality is associated with heart rate variability (HRV).

Methods: A sample of 391 adults (M_age = 57 years) from the Midlife in the United States Biomarker study 2004-2009 provided sleep actigraphy, electrocardiogram (ECG) HRV measurements, completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and answered questions on exercise habits. Participants were grouped as short (< 6 h) or non-short sleepers (≥ 6 h), poor (> 5 PSQI global score), or good sleepers (< 6 PSQI global score), and exercise was divided into vigorous (VPA) and moderate (MPA) intensities. Based on CDC guidelines, VPA was classified into adequate (≥ 75 min/week) and inadequate (< 75 min/week) groups. For MPA, adequate (≥ 150 min/week) and inadequate (< 150 min/week) groups. Linear models, adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related covariates, examined the interaction between sleep duration/quality and exercise on HRV.

Results: Inadequate VPA was associated with lower HRV, HF-HRV (B = - 0.25, SE = 0.09, p = 0.007), and RMSSD (B = - 0.15, SE = 0.05, p = 0.0009). MPA showed no significant main associations with HRV. Sleep duration/quality did not show direct associations with HRV; however, interactions were found with sleep duration. Among short sleepers, inadequate VPA was associated with lower HF-HRV (B = - 0.62, SE = 0.25, p = 0.01) and inadequate MPA was associated with lower RMSSD (B = - 0.26, SE = 0.10, p = 0.01) compared to adequate exercise. Among non-short sleepers, there were no significant differences in HRV between exercise groups.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that short sleep and inadequate exercise may interact to lower HRV.

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运动和睡眠与心率变异性的相互作用：横断面研究。

目的：研究运动强度和睡眠时间/质量之间的相互作用是否与心率变异性（HRV）相关。方法：来自2004-2009年美国中年生物标志物研究的391名成年人（年龄57岁）提供了睡眠活动仪、心电图（ECG） HRV测量，完成了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI），并回答了有关运动习惯的问题。参与者被分为睡眠不足（PSQI总分5分）或睡眠良好(结果：VPA不足与较低HRV、HF-HRV （B = - 0.25, SE = 0.09, p = 0.007）和RMSSD （B = - 0.15, SE = 0.05, p = 0.0009）相关。MPA与HRV无显著的主要关联。睡眠时间/睡眠质量与HRV无直接关联；然而，睡眠时间也会产生相互作用。在短睡眠者中，与充分运动相比，VPA不足与较低的HF-HRV相关（B = - 0.62, SE = 0.25, p = 0.01）， MPA不足与较低的RMSSD相关（B = - 0.26, SE = 0.10, p = 0.01）。在非短睡眠者中，运动组之间的HRV没有显著差异。结论：这些发现表明，睡眠不足和运动不足可能相互作用，降低HRV。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Applied Physiology 医学-生理学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

227

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Applied Physiology (EJAP) aims to promote mechanistic advances in human integrative and translational physiology. Physiology is viewed broadly, having overlapping context with related disciplines such as biomechanics, biochemistry, endocrinology, ergonomics, immunology, motor control, and nutrition. EJAP welcomes studies dealing with physical exercise, training and performance. Studies addressing physiological mechanisms are preferred over descriptive studies. Papers dealing with animal models or pathophysiological conditions are not excluded from consideration, but must be clearly relevant to human physiology.