Cobalt occurrence and enrichment of the Kendekeke cobalt-rich Fe skarn deposit in the East Kunlun orogenic belt, western China

IF 3.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Tong Liu , Shao-Yong Jiang , Wei Wang , Hui-Min Su , Xing-Kai Zhang , Yong Zhang , Shuyue He
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Abstract

The East Kunlun orogenic belt (EKOB), one of the most significant Co-Ni metallogenic belts in China, hosts numerous Co-Ni deposits of both magmatic and hydrothermal types. The Kendekeke cobalt-rich Fe deposit, a notable skarn deposit, is located in the North Qimantagh belt of the EKOB. Co mineralization is concentrated mainly in the northern mining zone, with four distinct mineralization stages identified. Co mineralization primarily occurred in the early sulfide stage. Two independent Co-Ni minerals, namely, cobaltite (Co) and ullmannite (Ni), have been identified as closely coexisting with chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite in the Kendekeke deposit. U–Pb dating of apatite in both the northern and southern mining zones yields consistent results, with ages concentrated at approximately 225 Ma, closely related to the monzogranite in the Kendekeke ore district. Cobalt occurs in two forms: as an independent mineral, cobaltite, and as an isomorphic substitute in sulfides or sulfarsenides, including pentlandite and pyrite. Pentlandite, with an average chemical formula of (Ni5.04Fe3.56Co0.35)S8. 00 on the base of EPMA results, has an average Co content of 2.67 wt%. Compared with the theoretical S/Fe atomic molar ratio and the binary diagram between Fe and Co, Co is more likely to substitute for Fe in pentlandite. By combining fluid inclusion and mineral paragenesis data, it has been determined that the controlling factors of Co mineralization are temperature and oxygen fugacity. Finally, a Co mineralization model was established for the Kendekeke cobalt-rich Fe deposit.

Abstract Image

东昆仑造山带肯德克克富钴铁矽卡岩矿床钴的赋存与富集
东昆仑造山带(EKOB)是中国最重要的钴镍成矿带之一,拥有大量岩浆型和热液型钴镍矿床。Kendekeke富钴铁矿位于EKOB北奇曼塔格带,是一个著名的矽卡岩矿床。钴矿化主要集中在矿区北部,确定了4个明显的成矿阶段。钴矿化主要发生在早期硫化物阶段。在肯德克克矿床中,钴铁矿(Co)和乌菱铁矿(Ni)与黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿紧密共生。南北矿区磷灰石U-Pb定年结果一致,年龄集中在225 Ma左右,与肯德克克矿区二长花岗岩密切相关。钴以两种形式存在:作为一种独立的矿物,钴酸盐,以及作为硫化物或磺胺类化合物的同构替代品,包括镍黄铁矿和黄铁矿。镍黄铁矿,平均化学式为(Ni5.04Fe3.56Co0.35)S8。在EPMA结果的基础上,平均Co含量为2.67 wt%。与理论S/Fe原子摩尔比和Fe与Co的二元图相比较,Co更有可能替代镍黄铁矿中的Fe。结合流体包裹体和矿物共生资料,确定温度和氧逸度是Co成矿的控制因素。最后,建立了Kendekeke富钴铁矿的Co成矿模型。
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来源期刊
Ore Geology Reviews
Ore Geology Reviews 地学-地质学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
27.30%
发文量
546
审稿时长
22.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Ore Geology Reviews aims to familiarize all earth scientists with recent advances in a number of interconnected disciplines related to the study of, and search for, ore deposits. The reviews range from brief to longer contributions, but the journal preferentially publishes manuscripts that fill the niche between the commonly shorter journal articles and the comprehensive book coverages, and thus has a special appeal to many authors and readers.
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