Dietary intake and five types of mental disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

BMC Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI:10.1186/s12888-025-07100-y

Yichun Zhang, Mingzhu Zhang, Qihua Guan, Pengcheng Liu, Wangxin Zhang, Song Yang, Hualei Dong, Haifeng Hou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Mental illness has been presenting serious public health concerns. Studies have linked mental disorders to poor dietary patterns. The study aimed to estimate the causal relationship between dietary macronutrient intake and mental disorders using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: The causal relationships between dietary macronutrient intake (i.e., carbohydrate, fat, protein and sugar) and mental disorders (i.e., anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, neuroticism and schizophrenia) were explored on the basis of UK Biobank and 5 datasets. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and weighted median (WM) methods were applied to calculate the potential causation between macronutrient and mental disorders. MR-Egger's intercept and MR-PRESSO approaches were used to verify the MR assumptions. Outcomes were reported as odds ratios (OR) and regression coefficients (β), which were adjusted by False Discovery Rate (FDR) corrections.

Results: Forward MR analyses revealed that genetically predicted high-fat and high-protein intakes were related to an increased risk of anxiety [fat: OR = 3.103, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.015 to 9.486, P_IVW = 0.047, FDR = 0.209; protein: OR = 3.364, 95% CI: 1.071 to 10.567, P_IVW = 0.038, FDR = 0.189]. High-carbohydrate intake was associated with BD (OR = 1.468, 95% CI: 1.052 to 2.048, P_IVW = 0.024, FDR = 0.160), and high-protein intake was also linked to depression (OR = 1.443, 95% CI: 1.227 to 1.696, P_IVW < 0.001, FDR < 0.001). Reverse MR analyses indicated that neuroticism resulted in higher sugar intake (β = 7.556 g, 95% CI: 0.610 to 14.502 g, P_IVW = 0.033, FDR = 0.189). Additionally, schizophrenia was associated with lower intakes of carbohydrate, fat, protein and sugar.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that although the effects of psychiatric diseases on diet patterns have been well understood, the potential impacts of dietary intake on mental disorders are needed to be highlighted.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

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饮食摄入与五种精神障碍：一项双向孟德尔随机研究。

背景：精神疾病已成为严重的公共卫生问题。研究将精神障碍与不良的饮食模式联系起来。该研究旨在通过双向双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析来估计饮食宏量营养素摄入与精神障碍之间的因果关系。方法：基于UK Biobank和5个数据集，探讨饮食常量营养素（碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和糖）摄入与精神障碍（焦虑、双相情感障碍、抑郁、神经质和精神分裂症）之间的因果关系。应用反方差加权（IVW）和加权中位数（WM）方法计算大量营养素与精神障碍之间的潜在因果关系。egger先生的截距法和MR- presso法被用来验证MR假设。结果报告为优势比（OR）和回归系数（β），并通过错误发现率（FDR）校正进行调整。结果：正向磁共振分析显示，基因预测的高脂肪和高蛋白摄入与焦虑风险增加有关[脂肪：OR = 3.103, 95%可信区间（CI）： 1.015至9.486,PIVW = 0.047, FDR = 0.209；OR = 3.364, 95% CI: 1.071 ~ 10.567, PIVW = 0.038, FDR = 0.189]。高碳水化合物摄入与BD相关（OR = 1.468, 95% CI: 1.052至2.048,PIVW = 0.024, FDR = 0.160），高蛋白摄入也与抑郁症相关（OR = 1.443, 95% CI: 1.227至1.696,PIVW < 0.001, FDR IVW = 0.033, FDR = 0.189）。此外，精神分裂症与碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和糖的摄入量较低有关。结论：我们的研究结果表明，尽管精神疾病对饮食模式的影响已经被很好地理解，但饮食摄入对精神障碍的潜在影响还需要被强调。临床试验号：不适用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

4.50%

发文量

716

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Psychiatry is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.