Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of German Salt Marshes: A Comparative Study Along Low- and High-Energy Coastlines

IF 3.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Ella L. Logemann, Clarisse Goesele, Kai Jensen, Peter Mueller
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Abstract

Blue carbon ecosystems, such as salt marshes, store comparably large amounts of organic carbon in their soils and function more effectively as carbon sinks than most other terrestrial ecosystems. Here we provide the first comprehensive study, quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in grazed and non-grazed German salt marshes. In Germany, salt marshes are found along the low-energy, microtidal coastline of the Baltic Sea as organogenic ecosystems and along the high-energy, mesotidal coastlines of the North Sea as minerogenic ecosystems. One-meter soil cores were taken across 14 sites covering three distinct salt marsh types: Baltic Sea, North Sea mainland, and North Sea island. Baltic salt marshes held on average the greatest SOC stocks with 221 ± 56.3 (mean ± SE) Mg SOC/ha followed by North Sea mainland salt marshes with 187 ± 24.9 Mg SOC/ha and North Sea island salt marshes with 78 ± 9 Mg SOC/ha. Our findings indicate that livestock grazing resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in SOC density. The microtidal Baltic salt marshes store more SOC in their topsoil than mesotidal North Sea salt marshes, most likely due to the higher sediment deposition rates in North Sea mainland salt marshes causing SOC dilution through mineral inputs. We conclude greater aeration in high-marsh soils might counterbalance SOC accumulation under proceeding succession. Positive livestock grazing effects were relatively consistent within North Sea salt marshes, likely caused by trampling-induced changes in soil biogeochemistry. By contrast, grazing had variable effects on SOC in Baltic Sea salt marshes, with belowground plant productivity identified as the primary driver.

Abstract Image

德国盐沼土壤有机碳储量:沿低和高能量海岸线的比较研究
蓝碳生态系统,如盐沼,在其土壤中储存了相当大量的有机碳,并且比大多数其他陆地生态系统更有效地发挥碳汇的作用。本文首次对放牧和非放牧德国盐沼土壤有机碳(SOC)储量进行了定量研究。在德国,沿波罗的海低能、微潮海岸线的盐沼是有机生态系统,沿北海高能、中潮海岸线的盐沼是成矿生态系统。一米长的土壤岩心取自14个地点,覆盖了三种不同的盐沼类型:波罗的海、北海大陆和北海岛屿。波罗的海盐沼土壤有机碳储量最大,为221±56.3 (mean±SE) Mg SOC/ha,其次是北海大陆盐沼,为187±24.9 Mg SOC/ha,北海海岛盐沼为78±9 Mg SOC/ha。结果表明,放牧导致土壤有机碳密度增加1.5倍。微潮波罗的海盐沼比中潮北海盐沼在表层土壤中储存了更多的有机碳,这很可能是由于北海大陆盐沼的沉积物沉积速率更高,导致矿物输入导致有机碳稀释。我们认为,高沼泽土壤在演替过程中,较大的通气性可能抵消有机碳积累。在北海盐沼中,家畜放牧的积极效应相对一致,这可能是由于踩踏引起的土壤生物地球化学变化。相比之下,放牧对波罗的海盐沼有机碳的影响是可变的,地下植物生产力被认为是主要的驱动因素。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Earth and Planetary Sciences-Paleontology
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
5.40%
发文量
242
期刊介绍: JGR-Biogeosciences focuses on biogeosciences of the Earth system in the past, present, and future and the extension of this research to planetary studies. The emerging field of biogeosciences spans the intellectual interface between biology and the geosciences and attempts to understand the functions of the Earth system across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Studies in biogeosciences may use multiple lines of evidence drawn from diverse fields to gain a holistic understanding of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems and extreme environments. Specific topics within the scope of the section include process-based theoretical, experimental, and field studies of biogeochemistry, biogeophysics, atmosphere-, land-, and ocean-ecosystem interactions, biomineralization, life in extreme environments, astrobiology, microbial processes, geomicrobiology, and evolutionary geobiology
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