Sustainable approaches to NOx emissions: Capture and utilization technologies

Abstract

The emission of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) stemming from diverse industrial processes and transportation, pose significant challenges to air quality, climate change, and human health. This comprehensive review offers a thorough exploration of NO_x capture and utilization technologies, their mechanisms, current scale-up efforts, and future prospects. Key findings provide insights on the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on selectivity, efficiency, and regeneration. Additionally, NO_x utilization strategies, including NO_x to nitrate conversion and NO_x to ammonia synthesis, are assessed for their environmental and economic benefits.

The paper showcases ongoing industrial-scale implementations across diverse sectors, such as power generation, chemical manufacturing, and wastewater treatment, underscoring the practical feasibility and potential for economic benefits. Environmental and economic impact assessments are scrutinized to evaluate the full benefits of these technologies. Challenges and limitations in scaling up NO_x capture and utilization, including engineering integration, space constraints, and safety considerations, are addressed. The critical role of multidisciplinary collaboration between academia, industry, and policy-makers is emphasized. In conclusion, this paper offers a roadmap for leveraging NO_x capture and utilization technologies as transformative solutions to NO_x emissions challenges. As we navigate this journey toward a more sustainable future, the nexus of scientific inquiry, innovation, and collaborative action holds the promise of a world where NO_x emissions are not merely controlled but are also a valuable resource driving progress and environmental stewardship.