Otolaryngologic manifestations of type 1 diabetes mellitus in paediatric populations: A systematic review

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112458

Saskia Boogaard , Jeyasakthy Saniasiaya , Craig McCaffer

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune condition with systemic effects, including otolaryngologic (ORL) complications which are often overlooked. We conducted a literature review to investigate the ORL manifestations of T1DM in the paediatric population.

Methodology

A systematic literature search was conducted in October 2024 using the PubMed database. Studies reporting on ORL manifestations of paediatric T1DM were included.

Results

751 articles were identified, of which 20 met the selection criteria. A total of 950 patients were included, the mean age was 11.5 years. The majority were female (54 %). The most common paediatric ORL complications of T1DM studied were auditory, followed by vestibular, olfactory, and voice-related dysfunctions. The most common auditory findings were prolonged latency and reduced amplitude on auditory brainstem response testing. Nine studies reported that the duration and severity of T1DM was correlated with greater impairment. Subclinical ORL manifestations of T1DM were reported in seven studies. One study investigated quality-of-life and found that diabetic children have a lower overall quality of life than their non-diabetic peers.

Conclusion

In children, T1DM affects audio-vestibular, olfactory, and voice function to varying degrees. Routine ORL screenings in paediatric T1DM patients will ensure early detection and management. A checklist, including a thorough ORL history and examination, pure tone audiometry, brainstem auditory evoked potentials, olfactory testing, and quality of life measures, is recommended. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore the progression of ORL manifestations in children with T1DM.

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儿科人群中1型糖尿病的耳鼻喉学表现：一项系统综述

1型糖尿病（T1DM）是一种具有全身影响的慢性自身免疫性疾病，包括耳鼻喉科（ORL）并发症，这些并发症经常被忽视。我们进行了一项文献综述，以调查儿科人群中T1DM的ORL表现。方法于2024年10月使用PubMed数据库进行系统文献检索。纳入了报道小儿T1DM的ORL表现的研究。结果共筛选到751篇文献，其中符合入选标准的文献20篇。共纳入950例患者，平均年龄11.5岁。大多数是女性（54%）。T1DM最常见的儿科ORL并发症是听觉，其次是前庭、嗅觉和声音相关功能障碍。最常见的听觉表现是听觉脑干反应测试的潜伏期延长和振幅降低。9项研究报告T1DM的持续时间和严重程度与更大的损害相关。7项研究报告了T1DM的亚临床ORL表现。一项研究调查了生活质量，发现糖尿病儿童的整体生活质量低于非糖尿病儿童。结论T1DM对儿童的听觉、前庭、嗅觉和语音功能有不同程度的影响。儿科T1DM患者的常规ORL筛查将确保早期发现和管理。推荐一份检查清单，包括全面的ORL病史和检查、纯音听力学、脑干听觉诱发电位、嗅觉测试和生活质量测量。需要进一步的纵向研究来探讨T1DM患儿ORL表现的进展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

6.70%

发文量

276

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The purpose of the International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology is to concentrate and disseminate information concerning prevention, cure and care of otorhinolaryngological disorders in infants and children due to developmental, degenerative, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, social, psychiatric and economic causes. The Journal provides a medium for clinical and basic contributions in all of the areas of pediatric otorhinolaryngology. This includes medical and surgical otology, bronchoesophagology, laryngology, rhinology, diseases of the head and neck, and disorders of communication, including voice, speech and language disorders.