Efficient organic nanoparticles for photothermal antibacterial activity and immune regulation to promote maxillofacial wound healing and scarless repair
Shu Lou , Changyue Xing , Jiarong Zhang , Qifei Yang , Wentao Wang , Yuxing Qian , Ben Zhong Tang , Ming Zhang , Yongchu Pan
{"title":"Efficient organic nanoparticles for photothermal antibacterial activity and immune regulation to promote maxillofacial wound healing and scarless repair","authors":"Shu Lou , Changyue Xing , Jiarong Zhang , Qifei Yang , Wentao Wang , Yuxing Qian , Ben Zhong Tang , Ming Zhang , Yongchu Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123534","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treating maxillofacial infections is hindered by severe inflammation and bacterial biofilms, which delay healing and often result in significant scarring. Photothermal therapy (PTT), which utilizes a photothermal agent (PTA) to generate localized heat, presents a promising approach that effectively eliminates pathogens while minimizing tissue damage, thereby enhancing treatment safety and efficacy. However, challenges such as low photothermal conversion efficiency and biocompatibility issues persist. In this study, we developed hemin chloride-modified organic small molecule-based nanoparticles (PTA@Hemin NPs). This material demonstrates exceptional photothermal effects with 81 % photothermal conversion efficiency and excellent biocompatibility. Under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the PTA@Hemin NPs generate strong photothermal effects, which synergize with the inherent antibacterial properties of hemin to significantly enhance the eradication of free bacteria and biofilms. Furthermore, PTA@Hemin NPs effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as Cd86 and Il-1α, reducing M1 macrophage polarization. Both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments confirmed that PTA@Hemin NPs significantly enhance antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, while facilitating scarless healing of maxillofacial wounds in mice. These results highlight the potential of PTA@Hemin NPs as a highly effective strategy for treating bacterial infections, particularly those involving biofilms, in future clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 123534"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomaterials","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142961225004533","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Treating maxillofacial infections is hindered by severe inflammation and bacterial biofilms, which delay healing and often result in significant scarring. Photothermal therapy (PTT), which utilizes a photothermal agent (PTA) to generate localized heat, presents a promising approach that effectively eliminates pathogens while minimizing tissue damage, thereby enhancing treatment safety and efficacy. However, challenges such as low photothermal conversion efficiency and biocompatibility issues persist. In this study, we developed hemin chloride-modified organic small molecule-based nanoparticles (PTA@Hemin NPs). This material demonstrates exceptional photothermal effects with 81 % photothermal conversion efficiency and excellent biocompatibility. Under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the PTA@Hemin NPs generate strong photothermal effects, which synergize with the inherent antibacterial properties of hemin to significantly enhance the eradication of free bacteria and biofilms. Furthermore, PTA@Hemin NPs effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as Cd86 and Il-1α, reducing M1 macrophage polarization. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that PTA@Hemin NPs significantly enhance antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, while facilitating scarless healing of maxillofacial wounds in mice. These results highlight the potential of PTA@Hemin NPs as a highly effective strategy for treating bacterial infections, particularly those involving biofilms, in future clinical applications.
期刊介绍:
Biomaterials is an international journal covering the science and clinical application of biomaterials. A biomaterial is now defined as a substance that has been engineered to take a form which, alone or as part of a complex system, is used to direct, by control of interactions with components of living systems, the course of any therapeutic or diagnostic procedure. It is the aim of the journal to provide a peer-reviewed forum for the publication of original papers and authoritative review and opinion papers dealing with the most important issues facing the use of biomaterials in clinical practice. The scope of the journal covers the wide range of physical, biological and chemical sciences that underpin the design of biomaterials and the clinical disciplines in which they are used. These sciences include polymer synthesis and characterization, drug and gene vector design, the biology of the host response, immunology and toxicology and self assembly at the nanoscale. Clinical applications include the therapies of medical technology and regenerative medicine in all clinical disciplines, and diagnostic systems that reply on innovative contrast and sensing agents. The journal is relevant to areas such as cancer diagnosis and therapy, implantable devices, drug delivery systems, gene vectors, bionanotechnology and tissue engineering.