{"title":"Comparison of cleaning effects of vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfectors on rigid endoscopic instruments: impact of cleaning cycle parameters.","authors":"Huan-Huan Tong, Rui Zhu, Jing-Jing Ding, Ying-Yu Hu, Dan-Qiao Yin, Yu Zhang, Shao-Hua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfectors are widely favoured for cleaning rigid endoscopic instruments, but the standard cleaning cycle is time-consuming, which affects the turnover of instruments.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the cleaning effects of different cleaning cycle parameters on rigid endoscopic instruments and determine parameter settings that balanced effectiveness and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>600 rigid endoscopic instruments that had been used in laparoscopic cholecystectomies were randomly divided into four groups, including one control group (standard parameters) and three experimental groups which differed in enzymatic washing time, temperature, or detergent concentration. The cleaning quality was assessed via visual inspection with a 5x magnifier and borescope, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay, and residual protein detection.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>No significant difference was found in the cleaning qualification rate among the four groups using a visual inspection with either the 5x magnifier or the borescope (all P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in the ATP bioluminescence assay and residual protein detection (all P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed group A had higher qualification rates than groups C or D (P < 0.0167). Significant differences in relative light unit (RLU) values were observed between groups in the ATP bioluminescence assay (P < 0.05): group A showed lower RLU values than groups B and C, and group D showed lower RLU values than group C (all P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing the enzymatic washing temperature of the vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfector to compensate for the flushing and rinsing steps shortened the cleaning time and improved the reprocessing efficiency of rigid endoscopic instruments while maintaining high cleaning quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Hospital Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.013","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfectors are widely favoured for cleaning rigid endoscopic instruments, but the standard cleaning cycle is time-consuming, which affects the turnover of instruments.
Aim: To compare the cleaning effects of different cleaning cycle parameters on rigid endoscopic instruments and determine parameter settings that balanced effectiveness and efficiency.
Methods: 600 rigid endoscopic instruments that had been used in laparoscopic cholecystectomies were randomly divided into four groups, including one control group (standard parameters) and three experimental groups which differed in enzymatic washing time, temperature, or detergent concentration. The cleaning quality was assessed via visual inspection with a 5x magnifier and borescope, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay, and residual protein detection.
Findings: No significant difference was found in the cleaning qualification rate among the four groups using a visual inspection with either the 5x magnifier or the borescope (all P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in the ATP bioluminescence assay and residual protein detection (all P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed group A had higher qualification rates than groups C or D (P < 0.0167). Significant differences in relative light unit (RLU) values were observed between groups in the ATP bioluminescence assay (P < 0.05): group A showed lower RLU values than groups B and C, and group D showed lower RLU values than group C (all P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Increasing the enzymatic washing temperature of the vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfector to compensate for the flushing and rinsing steps shortened the cleaning time and improved the reprocessing efficiency of rigid endoscopic instruments while maintaining high cleaning quality.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Hospital Infection is the editorially independent scientific publication of the Healthcare Infection Society. The aim of the Journal is to publish high quality research and information relating to infection prevention and control that is relevant to an international audience.
The Journal welcomes submissions that relate to all aspects of infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. This includes submissions that:
provide new insight into the epidemiology, surveillance, or prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings;
provide new insight into cleaning, disinfection and decontamination;
provide new insight into the design of healthcare premises;
describe novel aspects of outbreaks of infection;
throw light on techniques for effective antimicrobial stewardship;
describe novel techniques (laboratory-based or point of care) for the detection of infection or antimicrobial resistance in the healthcare setting, particularly if these can be used to facilitate infection prevention and control;
improve understanding of the motivations of safe healthcare behaviour, or describe techniques for achieving behavioural and cultural change;
improve understanding of the use of IT systems in infection surveillance and prevention and control.
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