A plant viral effector disrupts ALD1-OSB1 immunity module to suppress chloroplast defenses.

IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Zuxian Pan, Yaqin Wang, Fangfang Li, Yuzhen Mei, Xueping Zhou
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chloroplasts are central to plant immunity, with the chloroplast-localized protein AGD2-LIKE DEFENSE RESPONSE PROTEIN 1 (ALD1) playing a critical role in producing pipecolic acid (Pip), a key immune signal. However, the regulation of ALD1 and how pathogens evade ALD1-mediated defenses remain poorly understood. Using the geminivirus tomato yellow leaf curl China virus and its associated betasatellite (TYLCCNV/TYLCCNB) as a model, we uncovered a defense mechanism involving organellar single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (OSB1), which stabilizes ALD1 and promotes Pip biosynthesis to strengthen immunity. Crucially, the viral βC1 effector encoded by TYLCCNB disrupts this pathway by binding OSB1 and sequestering it away from chloroplasts, thereby blocking OSB1-ALD1 interaction, destabilizing ALD1, and suppressing Pip-dependent defenses. Strikingly, βC1 mutants defective in OSB1 binding fail to interfere with the OSB1-ALD1 stability, and TYLCCNV infections carrying these mutants induce attenuated symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana. Our study not only reveals how ALD1-OSB1 cooperates in chloroplast immunity but also demonstrates how geminiviruses, as a tractable model, can dissect pathogen counter-defense strategies.

植物病毒效应物破坏ALD1-OSB1免疫模块抑制叶绿体防御。
叶绿体是植物免疫的核心,叶绿体定位蛋白AGD2-LIKE防御反应蛋白1 (ALD1)在产生一种关键的免疫信号——黑果酸(Pip)中起关键作用。然而,ALD1的调控以及病原体如何逃避ALD1介导的防御机制仍然知之甚少。以中国番茄黄卷叶双病毒及其相关betasatsatellite (TYLCCNV/TYLCCNB)为模型,揭示了一种涉及细胞器单链dna结合蛋白1 (OSB1)的防御机制,该机制稳定ALD1并促进Pip生物合成以增强免疫力。至关重要的是,TYLCCNB编码的病毒βC1效应物通过结合OSB1并将其从叶绿体中隔离,从而阻断OSB1-ALD1相互作用,破坏ALD1的稳定,抑制pip依赖性防御,从而破坏了这一途径。引人注目的是,OSB1结合缺陷的βC1突变体不能干扰OSB1- ald1的稳定性,携带这些突变体的TYLCCNV感染诱导了benthamiana的症状减轻。我们的研究不仅揭示了ALD1-OSB1如何在叶绿体免疫中合作,而且还证明了双病毒作为一种可处理的模型如何能够解剖病原体的反防御策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
18.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
220
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology is a leading academic journal reporting on the latest discoveries in plant biology.Enjoy the latest news and developments in the field, understand new and improved methods and research tools, and explore basic biological questions through reproducible experimental design, using genetic, biochemical, cell and molecular biological methods, and statistical analyses.
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