A novel MPC-based cascaded control for multi-area smart grids: Tackling renewable energy and EV integration challenges.

ISA transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI:10.1016/j.isatra.2025.06.024

Muhammad S Tolba, Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Ali Arishi, Mohamed Soliman, Ali Faisal Murtaza

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Abstract

This paper presents an advanced cascaded control scheme for load frequency regulation in multi-area power systems incorporating renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed design (Model predictive control cascaded with one plus proportional-integral control cascaded with tilt control in parallel with one plus fractional-order integral derivative controller (MPC-((1+PI)-(T+(1+I^λD^μ)))) combines predictive, tilt, and fractional-order dynamics to improve adaptability and robustness under uncertainties. Controller parameters are tuned using the Lyrebird Optimization Algorithm (LOA), ensuring fast convergence and effective global search. Simulation results under varying operational conditions, including nonlinearity effects such as Generation Rate Constraints (GRC), Governor Dead Band (GDB), and Communication Time Delays (CTD), confirm the controller's superiority. It achieves a 96.4 % ITAE reduction, 98.6 % undershoot mitigation, and a settling time of just 5.8 s outperforming existing benchmark strategies (GOA: PDf+(0.75+PI), CBOA: PI-PD, JSA: PI, and ARA: 1+PID).

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基于多区域智能电网的新型mpc级联控制：应对可再生能源和电动汽车集成挑战。

本文提出了一种适用于可再生能源和电动汽车多区域电力系统负荷频率调节的先进级联控制方案。所提出的模型预测控制与一加比例积分控制级联，倾斜控制与一加分数阶积分导数控制器（MPC-(1+PI)-(T+(1+ i - λ dμ)))）)并联，结合了预测、倾斜和分数阶动力学，以提高不确定性下的适应性和鲁棒性。控制器参数使用Lyrebird优化算法（LOA）进行调整，确保快速收敛和有效的全局搜索。在不同运行条件下的仿真结果，包括非线性影响，如产生率约束（GRC），总督死区（GDB）和通信时间延迟（CTD），证实了控制器的优越性。它实现了96.4 %的ITAE降低，98.6 %的低偏差缓解，并且稳定时间仅为5.8 s，优于现有的基准策略（GOA: PDf+(0.75+PI), CBOA: PI- pd， JSA: PI和ARA: 1+PID）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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ISA transactions

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