{"title":"Association of lifestyle modifications with frailty in older adults: A cross-sectional study using NHANES.","authors":"Yuanyuan Wu, Hongyan Peng, Rui Xu, Yingxue Hua, Yanan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjfa.2025.100061","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Background: Frailty significantly impacts healthy aging, yet lifestyle interventions may reduce its prevalence. This study investigated the association between a comprehensive lifestyle score, comprising eight modifiable factors (diet, physical activity, smoking, sleep, body mass index [BMI], non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure), and frailty risk in older adults, identifying key components for targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018), we analyzed 10,065 adults aged ≥60 years (mean age: 69.61, 54.97 % female). Each lifestyle factor was scored from 0 to 100, and frailty was defined using a 49-item index (>0.21). Weighted logistic regression assessed individual associations, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis explored dose-response relationships, and quantile g-computation evaluated joint effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher scores for dietary score (OR=0.69, 95 % CI: 0.52-0.90, score 100 vs. 0), non-smoking (OR=0.62, 95 % CI: 0.51-0.75), sleep (OR=0.29, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.49), blood glucose (OR=0.27, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.44), and blood pressure (OR=0.43, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.61, score 25 vs. 0) were associated with lower frailty risk (all P < .05). Diet and non-HDL cholesterol showed no linear association; smoking, BMI, blood glucose, and blood pressure exhibited non-linear patterns (P<.05). A simultaneous one-level increase in all lifestyle factors reduced frailty risk by 94 % (95 % CI: 92-95 %), with physical activity, blood glucose, and sleep as primary contributors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlighted the association between specific lifestyle factors and reduced frailty risk, underscoring the need for prospective studies to prioritize interventions for frailty prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","volume":"14 4","pages":"100061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Frailty & Aging","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjfa.2025.100061","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Background: Frailty significantly impacts healthy aging, yet lifestyle interventions may reduce its prevalence. This study investigated the association between a comprehensive lifestyle score, comprising eight modifiable factors (diet, physical activity, smoking, sleep, body mass index [BMI], non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure), and frailty risk in older adults, identifying key components for targeted interventions.
Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018), we analyzed 10,065 adults aged ≥60 years (mean age: 69.61, 54.97 % female). Each lifestyle factor was scored from 0 to 100, and frailty was defined using a 49-item index (>0.21). Weighted logistic regression assessed individual associations, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis explored dose-response relationships, and quantile g-computation evaluated joint effects.
Results: Higher scores for dietary score (OR=0.69, 95 % CI: 0.52-0.90, score 100 vs. 0), non-smoking (OR=0.62, 95 % CI: 0.51-0.75), sleep (OR=0.29, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.49), blood glucose (OR=0.27, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.44), and blood pressure (OR=0.43, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.61, score 25 vs. 0) were associated with lower frailty risk (all P < .05). Diet and non-HDL cholesterol showed no linear association; smoking, BMI, blood glucose, and blood pressure exhibited non-linear patterns (P<.05). A simultaneous one-level increase in all lifestyle factors reduced frailty risk by 94 % (95 % CI: 92-95 %), with physical activity, blood glucose, and sleep as primary contributors.
Conclusion: These findings highlighted the association between specific lifestyle factors and reduced frailty risk, underscoring the need for prospective studies to prioritize interventions for frailty prevention.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Frailty & Aging is a peer-reviewed international journal aimed at presenting articles that are related to research in the area of aging and age-related (sub)clinical conditions. In particular, the journal publishes high-quality papers describing and discussing social, biological, and clinical features underlying the onset and development of frailty in older persons. The Journal of Frailty & Aging is composed by five different sections: - Biology of frailty and aging In this section, the journal presents reports from preclinical studies and experiences focused at identifying, describing, and understanding the subclinical pathophysiological mechanisms at the basis of frailty and aging. - Physical frailty and age-related body composition modifications Studies exploring the physical and functional components of frailty are contained in this section. Moreover, since body composition plays a major role in determining physical frailty and, at the same time, represents the most evident feature of the aging process, special attention is given to studies focused on sarcopenia and obesity at older age. - Neurosciences of frailty and aging The section presents results from studies exploring the cognitive and neurological aspects of frailty and age-related conditions. In particular, papers on neurodegenerative conditions of advanced age are welcomed. - Frailty and aging in clinical practice and public health This journal’s section is devoted at presenting studies on clinical issues of frailty and age-related conditions. This multidisciplinary section particularly welcomes reports from clinicians coming from different backgrounds and specialties dealing with the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of advanced age. Moreover, this part of the journal also contains reports on frailty- and age-related social and public health issues. - Clinical trials and therapeutics This final section contains all the manuscripts presenting data on (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) interventions aimed at preventing, delaying, or treating frailty and age-related conditions.The Journal of Frailty & Aging is a quarterly publication of original papers, review articles, case reports, controversies, letters to the Editor, and book reviews. Manuscripts will be evaluated by the editorial staff and, if suitable, by expert reviewers assigned by the editors. The journal particularly welcomes papers by researchers from different backgrounds and specialities who may want to share their views and experiences on the common themes of frailty and aging.The abstracting and indexing of the Journal of Frailty & Aging is covered by MEDLINE (approval by the National Library of Medicine in February 2016).
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