Occurrence and dietary risk assessment of chloramphenicol residues in honey products in Saudi Arabia.

Q1 Environmental Science
Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-08 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102066
Lulu Almutairi, Abdullah AlSayari, Somaiah Almubayedh, Sarah AlSubaie, Thamer AlMudhehi, Malak Almutairi, Amani S Alqahtani
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with potentially fatal side effects, including suspected carcinogenicity and toxicity in sensitive individuals. Due to these risks, CAP has been banned in food-producing animals, including honey, by regulatory authorities worldwide. This study investigates the presence of CAP residues in honey products from the Saudi market and evaluates the associated dietary exposure risk.

Methods: A total of 902 honey samples collected during 2018-2019 were retrieved from the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) to investigate honey safety and chemical components. CAP was extracted using a validated liquid-liquid extraction method and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Dietary exposure was assessed using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach, with relevant data on honey consumption and body weight sourced from published studies.

Results: CAP residues were detected in 54 (6 %) of the tested honey samples, with a mean concentration of 0.16 ± 0.032 µg/kg. The 95th percentile MOE for adults was 31,752 in the lower-bound scenario and 24,290 in the upper-bound scenario, exceeding the critical threshold of 10,000 established by the European Food Safety Authority, which indicates low public health concern and low priority for risk management.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate a low health risk associated with honey consumption in Saudi Arabia, as MOE values exceeded the critical safety threshold. However, ongoing monitoring, stricter regulations, and enhanced awareness are recommended to ensure the safety and quality of honey products.

沙特阿拉伯蜂蜜制品中氯霉素残留的发生及膳食风险评估。
背景:氯霉素(CAP)是一种广谱抗生素,具有潜在的致命副作用,包括对敏感个体的疑似致癌性和毒性。由于这些风险,CAP已被世界各地的监管机构禁止用于生产食品的动物,包括蜂蜜。本研究调查了沙特市场蜂蜜产品中CAP残留的存在,并评估了相关的饮食暴露风险。方法:从沙特食品药品管理局(SFDA)收集2018-2019年收集的902份蜂蜜样品,对蜂蜜的安全性和化学成分进行调查。采用经验证的液-液萃取法提取,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)定量。使用暴露边际(MOE)方法评估饮食暴露,蜂蜜消费量和体重的相关数据来自已发表的研究。结果:54份(6 %)蜂蜜中检出CAP残留,平均浓度为0.16 ± 0.032 µg/kg。在下限情景中,成人的第95百分位MOE为31,752,在上限情景中为24,290,超过了欧洲食品安全局设定的10,000的临界阈值,这表明公共卫生关注程度较低,风险管理的优先级较低。结论:我们的研究结果表明,沙特阿拉伯蜂蜜消费的健康风险较低,因为MOE值超过了临界安全阈值。然而,建议进行持续监测,制定更严格的法规,提高认识,以确保蜂蜜产品的安全和质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Toxicology Reports
Toxicology Reports Environmental Science-Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
228
审稿时长
11 weeks
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