The Geometry of Survival: Left Ventricular Mass Index's Prognostic Value in Coronary Surgery.

Abstract

This study explores the impact of left ventricular mass and geometry on the prognosis of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a known risk factor for cardiovascular complications, yet its role in surgical outcomes remains underexplored.A retrospective cohort of 494 elective coronary artery bypass grafting patients treated between 2013 and 2018 was analyzed. Left ventricular mass was calculated using the Devereux formula, and patients were divided into normal and increased left ventricular mass index groups. Mortality rates, postoperative complications, and echocardiographic parameters were evaluated.Patients with increased left ventricular mass exhibited significantly higher 5-year mortality rates (27.2 vs. 11.5%, p < 0.001), postoperative atrial fibrillation (24.8 vs. 16.0%, p = 0.018), and carotid stenosis (21.8 vs. 12.5%, p = 0.006). Elevated preoperative biomarkers, including creatinine and C-reactive protein, were observed in this group, with sustained impairment in postoperative kidney function. However, no significant differences in 30-day, 1-year, or 3-year mortality rates were detected.Left ventricular mass and geometry independently predict long-term outcomes in coronary artery bypass grafting patients. Targeted strategies to mitigate left ventricular remodeling may enhance postoperative outcomes. Future research should focus on therapeutic interventions to reverse adverse left ventricular changes and optimize patient survival and quality of life.