Bending-insensitive doughnut beam generation using a polarization-maintaining fiber mode-selective coupler.

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1364/OL.562847

Yihan Zhao, ZhengWei Zhang, JingYu Cui, ZhuoNan Chen, FuFei Pang, XiangLong Zeng, JianFeng Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

High-stability doughnut beams propagating in the fibers are characterized as high-order modes, which have been widely exploited for optical tweezers, high-capacity fiber communication, and precision metrology. We experimentally demonstrate bending-insensitive doughnut beam generation based on a polarization-maintaining mode-selective coupler (PM-MSC). Efficient LP₀₁-LP₁₁ mode conversion (>95%) at 532 nm is achieved with a polarization extinction ratio (PER) of >17 dB and LP11a/bx/y modes are separated with different fiber coupler configurations. Two all-fiber mode schemes for generating doughnut beams, including orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes through 45° fusion splicing and bending-insensitive doughnut beams via incoherent superposition of LP11a/bx/y modes, are investigated based on the proposed PM-MSCs. Stable doughnut intensity profiles are maintained under different bending radii with strong environmental stabilization. The bending-insensitive doughnut beams are desired due to their transversal intensity, phase, and polarization distributions, which provide attractive solutions for free-space communications, quantum entanglement distribution, and adaptive microscopy, particularly in polarization-sensitive scenarios.

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使用保偏光纤模式选择耦合器产生弯曲不敏感的环形光束。

在光纤中传播的高稳定度甜甜圈光束具有高阶模态的特点，在光镊、高容量光纤通信和精密测量等领域得到了广泛的应用。我们实验证明了基于偏振维持模式选择耦合器（PM-MSC）的弯曲不敏感甜甜圈光束产生。在532 nm处，LP01-LP11模式高效转换（>95%），偏振消光比（PER）为>17 dB， LP11a/bx/y模式通过不同的光纤耦合器配置进行分离。基于所提出的PM-MSCs，研究了两种产生甜甜圈光束的全光纤模式方案，包括通过45°融合拼接的轨道角动量（OAM）模式和通过LP11a/bx/y模式非相干叠加的弯曲不敏感甜甜圈光束。在不同弯曲半径下保持稳定的甜甜圈强度分布，具有较强的环境稳定性。弯曲不敏感的甜甜圈光束由于其横向强度，相位和偏振分布而被期望，这为自由空间通信，量子纠缠分布和自适应显微镜提供了有吸引力的解决方案，特别是在偏振敏感的情况下。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optics letters 物理-光学

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

8.30%

发文量

2275

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community. Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.