A new attenuated and highly immunogenic orthopoxvirus vaccine protects against mpox in mice and macaques.

IF 6.9 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1038/s41541-025-01193-y

Fengwen Xu, Yu Huang, Yongzhi Hou, Yu Xie, Baoying Huang, Fei Zhao, Zhao Gao, Chen Chen, Jiaxun Wang, Shan Mei, Yamei Hu, Liming Wang, Liang Wei, Jingjing Zhang, Na Li, Zhe Cong, Jianrong Ma, Lin Zhu, Ting Chen, Jiahan Lu, Qiang Wei, Wenjie Tan, Jing Xue, Fei Guo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Shortly after 2022, mpox again becomes a public health emergency of international concern as declared by the World Health Organization on August 14, 2024. Smallpox vaccines ACAM2000 and MVA-BN were approved for mpox prevention in several countries. However, the side effects of ACAM2000 and the limited supply of MVA call for the development of new mpox vaccines to prevent mpox and other orthopoxvirus infections. In this study, we engineered a new generation of attenuated and highly immunogenic vaccinia virus named dBTF based on the vaccinia Tiantan strain which is a replication-competent smallpox vaccine widely used in China. The dBTF vaccinia virus is impaired in replication and low in virulence, induces strong vaccinia virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Importantly, single dose of dBTF vaccination effectively protects mice and cynomolgus macaques from mpox virus challenge. These results support the development of dBTF into a new generation of mpox and orthopoxvirus vaccines.

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一种新的减毒和高免疫原性正痘病毒疫苗可预防小鼠和猕猴的m痘。

2022年之后不久，世界卫生组织于2024年8月14日宣布麻疹再次成为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。天花疫苗ACAM2000和MVA-BN在一些国家被批准用于预防m痘。然而，ACAM2000的副作用和MVA的有限供应要求开发新的m痘疫苗，以预防m痘和其他正痘病毒感染。在本研究中，我们以国内广泛使用的复制型牛痘天坛株为基础，设计了新一代高免疫原性的减毒牛痘病毒dBTF。dBTF牛痘病毒复制受损，毒力低，诱导强牛痘病毒特异性体液和细胞免疫反应。重要的是，单次接种dBTF疫苗可以有效地保护小鼠和食蟹猴免受m痘病毒的攻击。这些结果支持将dBTF开发成新一代mpox和正痘病毒疫苗。

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来源期刊

NPJ Vaccines Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

146

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Online-only and open access, npj Vaccines is dedicated to highlighting the most important scientific advances in vaccine research and development.