Optimizing sprint performance: a comparative analysis of strength training methodologies.

Abstract

Background: This investigation sought to elucidate the differential effects of varied strength training approaches on sprint velocity and initial acceleration in high-level sprinters.

Methods: The study engaged 48 elite track athletes (equally divided between males and females, aged 18-25) who were randomly allocated to four distinct training regimens: conventional resistance training (CRT), plyometric training (PLT), integrated complex training (ICT), and a control cohort (CC) adhering to their standard training protocol. The experimental phase spanned 12 weeks, with three weekly sessions supplementing the participants' regular sprint practice. Assessment metrics, conducted pre- and post-intervention, encompassed 10-m and 30-m sprint durations, ground force reactions during the early acceleration phase, and peak strength indicators.

Results: The results revealed that while all experimental groups exhibited enhanced sprint performance relative to the control, the integrated complex training cohort demonstrated the most pronounced improvements in both sprint velocity and acceleration capacity (P<0.01). The plyometric training group showcased the most significant advancements in initial acceleration (P<0.05), whereas the conventional resistance training group achieved the highest gains in maximal strength (P<0.01).

Conclusions: These outcomes suggest that a multifaceted approach to strength development, particularly one that incorporates complex training principles, may yield optimal results for overall sprint performance enhancement in elite sprinters. The study underscores the importance for coaches and athletes to consider implementing a diverse spectrum of strength training methodologies to maximize sprint speed and acceleration potential.