{"title":"Air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms, evidence, and mitigation strategies.","authors":"Hari Krismanuel","doi":"10.25122/jml-2025-0018","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most urgent environmental health issues is air pollution, which has a major effect on cardiovascular health. Among other pollutants, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been connected to a number of cardiovascular illnesses (CVDs), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and hypertension. The purpose of this review was to summarize current research on the processes by which air pollution raises the risk of CVD and to investigate mitigation and preventative measures. A review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review focused on studies examining the relationship between PM2.5 and cardiovascular diseases, incorporating epidemiological, experimental, and clinical perspectives. PM2.5 and other pollutants exacerbate CVD risk through mechanisms such as autonomic instability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Risks are disproportionately high for vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and those with underlying cardiovascular diseases. Targeted public health policies, stricter air quality regulations, and increased public awareness are essential to mitigate the cardiovascular risks posed by air pollution. Immediate action is imperative to safeguard global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Life","volume":"18 5","pages":"411-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207690/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Medicine and Life","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2025-0018","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
One of the most urgent environmental health issues is air pollution, which has a major effect on cardiovascular health. Among other pollutants, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been connected to a number of cardiovascular illnesses (CVDs), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and hypertension. The purpose of this review was to summarize current research on the processes by which air pollution raises the risk of CVD and to investigate mitigation and preventative measures. A review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review focused on studies examining the relationship between PM2.5 and cardiovascular diseases, incorporating epidemiological, experimental, and clinical perspectives. PM2.5 and other pollutants exacerbate CVD risk through mechanisms such as autonomic instability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Risks are disproportionately high for vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and those with underlying cardiovascular diseases. Targeted public health policies, stricter air quality regulations, and increased public awareness are essential to mitigate the cardiovascular risks posed by air pollution. Immediate action is imperative to safeguard global health.
最紧迫的环境健康问题之一是空气污染,它对心血管健康有重大影响。在其他污染物中,细颗粒物(PM2.5)与许多心血管疾病(cvd)有关,包括心肌梗死、中风和高血压。本综述的目的是总结目前关于空气污染增加心血管疾病风险的过程的研究,并调查缓解和预防措施。通过PubMed、Web of Science和谷歌Scholar等数据库,对2015年至2025年间发表的同行评议文章进行了审查。这篇综述的重点是研究PM2.5与心血管疾病之间的关系,包括流行病学、实验和临床观点。PM2.5和其他污染物通过自主神经不稳定、内皮功能障碍、氧化应激和炎症等机制加剧心血管疾病风险。老年人和有潜在心血管疾病的人等弱势群体面临的风险高得不成比例。有针对性的公共卫生政策、更严格的空气质量法规以及提高公众意识对于减轻空气污染造成的心血管风险至关重要。必须立即采取行动,维护全球健康。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Medicine and Life publishes peer-reviewed articles from various fields of medicine and life sciences, including original research, systematic reviews, special reports, case presentations, major medical breakthroughs and letters to the editor. The Journal focuses on current matters that lie at the intersection of biomedical science and clinical practice and strives to present this information to inform health care delivery and improve patient outcomes. Papers addressing topics such as neuroprotection, neurorehabilitation, neuroplasticity, and neuroregeneration are particularly encouraged, as part of the Journal''s continuous interest in neuroscience research. The Editorial Board of the Journal of Medicine and Life is open to consider manuscripts from all levels of research and areas of biological sciences, including fundamental, experimental or clinical research and matters of public health. As part of our pledge to promote an educational and community-building environment, our issues feature sections designated to informing our readers regarding exciting international congresses, teaching courses and relevant institutional-level events.