Regulation and induction of fungal secondary metabolites: a comprehensive review.

IF 2.3 3区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Archives of Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1007/s00203-025-04386-0

Shaurya Prakash, Hemlata Kumari, Minakshi Sinha, Antresh Kumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fungal secondary metabolites (SMs) represent a vast reservoir of bioactive compounds with immense therapeutic, agricultural, and industrial potential. These small molecules, including antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and anticancer agents, are synthesized through dedicated biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) regulated by various epigenetic, transcriptional, and environmental mechanisms. However, their cryptic biosynthesis and low natural yields pose significant challenges for large-scale production. This review comprehensively analyzes the regulatory landscape governing fungal SMs biosynthesis, advanced OMICS-driven approaches for identification of cryptic BGCs, and significantly emphasizes strategies to enhance SMs production. Furthermore, the integration of statistical and computational models (e.g., response surface methodology, artificial neural networks) is discussed for optimizing fermentation processes. The review underscores the diverse applications of fungal SMs in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and cosmetics, while advocating for interdisciplinary innovations in synthetic biology and AI-driven metabolic engineering to sustainably harness fungal biodiversity.

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真菌次生代谢产物的调控和诱导：综述。

真菌次生代谢物（SMs）代表了一个巨大的生物活性化合物库，具有巨大的治疗、农业和工业潜力。这些小分子，包括抗生素、免疫抑制剂和抗癌药物，是通过各种表观遗传、转录和环境机制调节的专用生物合成基因簇（BGCs）合成的。然而，它们隐秘的生物合成和较低的自然产量对大规模生产构成了重大挑战。本文全面分析了真菌短纤维生物合成的调控格局，先进的omics驱动方法用于鉴定隐性bgc，并重点强调了提高短纤维生产的策略。此外，统计和计算模型（例如，响应面方法，人工神经网络）的集成进行了优化发酵过程的讨论。该综述强调了真菌SMs在制药、农业和化妆品中的多种应用，同时提倡在合成生物学和人工智能驱动的代谢工程领域进行跨学科创新，以可持续地利用真菌生物多样性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Microbiology 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

601

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Research papers must make a significant and original contribution to microbiology and be of interest to a broad readership. The results of any experimental approach that meets these objectives are welcome, particularly biochemical, molecular genetic, physiological, and/or physical investigations into microbial cells and their interactions with their environments, including their eukaryotic hosts. Mini-reviews in areas of special topical interest and papers on medical microbiology, ecology and systematics, including description of novel taxa, are also published. Theoretical papers and those that report on the analysis or ''mining'' of data are acceptable in principle if new information, interpretations, or hypotheses emerge.