Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in the adult population of Eastern Europe.

Abstract

Introduction and objective: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are disorders of the temporomandibular joint and the masticatory muscles. The most common symptom associated with TMDs is pain. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of TMDs in the adult population of Eastern Europe.

Material and methods: The study included individuals aged 20-30 years at the time of examination. A total of 440 were enrolled in the study, including 339 women and 101 men, with an average age of 24 ± 2 years. Data analyzed included gender, age, and the type of TMD, divided into three groups: Group 1: Myofascial pain disorders, Group 2: Arthralgia, arthritis, and joint degeneration and Group 3: Disc displacement disorders.

Results: It was found that 277 individuals (62.95%) were healthy and did not have TMDs. Conversely, 163 (37.05%) exhibited at least one form of TMDs. Among the women, 133 had TMDs symptoms (representing 39.23% of the female population). Group 1 (Myofascial pain disorders): 83 individuals (50.92% of those with TMDs) were classified into this group - 72 women and 11 men. Group 2 (Arthralgia, arthritis, and joint degeneration): 29 individuals (17.79% of those with TMDs) were classified into this grou - 27 women and 2 men. Group 3 (Disc displacement disorders): 92 individuals (56.44% of those with TMDs) were classified into this group - 74 women and 18 men. The provided data includes individuals with mixed TMDs.

Conclusions: The prevalence of TMDs was observed at 37.05% of those examined. The most common forms of TMDs were the disc form, followed by the muscular form. The ratio of women to men was 4.4 to 1.