Parent's Perception to Early Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Treatment in Infants with Cleft lip and Palate: A Qualitative Analysis.

Abstract

ObjectiveTo understand parent's responses, coping mechanisms, and psychosocial adjustment to presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) therapy.DesignThis qualitative study was conducted with parents of infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) who had undergone PNAM. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with parents attending PNAM treatment sessions from March 2021 to March 2022.SettingThe study was conducted at the tertiary CLP center.Patients, ParticipantsThe study included 12 parents of CLP infants (n = 12) who attended PNAM therapy. Exclusion criteria included parents of CLP infants who had incomplete PNAM treatment or who were unwilling to participate in the study.InterventionThe interviews were video recorded and transcripts were prepared. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.Main OutcomeThree primary themes, each with multiple sub-themes, were identified.ResultsTheme 1: "Challenges for Parents" discussed various social (stigma)barriers, discomfort experienced by the baby and the difficulties in daily routines during PNAM therapy.Theme2"Parents' Responses" addressed psychological responses such as anxiety, self-doubt, and how parents overcame these challenges.Theme3"Psychological Adjustment (Coping)" explored social support, focus on problem and problem-solving, and the sense of mastery and satisfaction that parents developed during the process.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the study, a range of psychosocial impacts on parents were identified. Various coping strategies, such as social support from family, other parents with similar conditions, and the healthcare team, had a positive impact on parents. Successful completion led to positive outcomes, including increased empowerment and enhanced bonding with their infants.