Erythema Induratum as a rare manifestation of cutaneous tuberculosis in a young woman: a case report.

Abstract

Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB, often leading to diagnostic challenges due to its varied clinical presentation. Erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB), a type of lobular panniculitis, is a recognized manifestation of cutaneous TB. This report describes a 19-year-old woman who developed EIB, presenting with recurrent fever, night sweats, weight loss, and hyperpigmented nodular lesions on both lower extremities. Laboratory tests showed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a positive tuberculin skin test, while histopathology confirmed lobular panniculitis. Pulmonary TB was excluded based on negative molecular testing and normal chest imaging. The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous TB and treated with WHO-recommended first-line anti-TB therapy, leading to significant clinical improvement. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and timely treatment of cutaneous TB to prevent complications and ensure optimal outcomes.