Becoming an Ostrich: The Development of Information Avoidance.

IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Radhika Santhanagopalan, Jane L Risen, Katherine D Kinzler
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Adults selectively avoid useful information. We examined the development of information avoidance in 5- to 10-year-old American children (N = 320). In Experiment 1, children considered scenarios that might elicit information avoidance: protecting against negative emotions, maintaining perceptions of likeability and competence, preserving beliefs and preferences, and acting in self-interest. When a motivation for avoidance was present, children were more likely to avoid learning information, particularly with age. Experiment 2 presented the self-interest scenario (a moral "wiggle room" task) involving real payoffs. Although children could reveal their partner's payoff without cost, older children capitalized on moral "wiggle room" by avoiding this information and choosing the self-interested payoff. In Experiment 3, we considered conditions under which even young children might avoid information, finding that they too avoided information when explicitly encouraged to protect their emotions. Additional qualitative findings probed children's open-ended responses about why people seek and avoid information. Together, these experiments document the origins of information avoidance.

成为鸵鸟:信息回避的发展。
成年人会选择性地回避有用的信息。我们对5- 10岁的美国儿童(N = 320)进行了信息回避的研究。在实验1中,孩子们考虑了可能引起信息回避的情景:保护自己不受负面情绪的影响,保持对受欢迎程度和能力的认知,保持信仰和偏好,以及为自身利益行事。当存在回避的动机时,儿童更有可能回避学习信息,尤其是随着年龄的增长。实验2展示了涉及实际收益的自利情景(一个道德“回旋余地”任务)。虽然孩子们可以毫无代价地透露他们伴侣的回报,但大一点的孩子利用道德上的“回旋余地”,避开这些信息,选择自利回报。在实验3中,我们考虑了即使是幼儿也可能回避信息的情况,发现当明确鼓励他们保护自己的情绪时,他们也会回避信息。另外的定性研究结果探讨了儿童对人们为什么寻求和避免信息的开放式回答。总之,这些实验记录了信息回避的起源。
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来源期刊
Psychological Science
Psychological Science PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
156
期刊介绍: Psychological Science, the flagship journal of The Association for Psychological Science (previously the American Psychological Society), is a leading publication in the field with a citation ranking/impact factor among the top ten worldwide. It publishes authoritative articles covering various domains of psychological science, including brain and behavior, clinical science, cognition, learning and memory, social psychology, and developmental psychology. In addition to full-length articles, the journal features summaries of new research developments and discussions on psychological issues in government and public affairs. "Psychological Science" is published twelve times annually.
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