The Significance of Mean Platelet Volume in Assessing Amputation Risk in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Cohort Study.

Abstract

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcer is a condition associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to examine the influence of mean platelet volume (MPV) on predicting amputation decisions in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers who presented to the tertiary healthcare facility from June 2023 to June 2024 were included. The first group comprises individuals who opted for amputation, whereas the second group includes patients without indications for amputation. Results: The mean age of patients with diabetic foot ulcers is 62.68 years, and the mean glycated hemoglobin A1c level is 9.62%. The initial group comprises 61 patients who opted for amputation, whereas the subsequent group includes 56 individuals who lacked an indication for amputation. The initial group exhibits markedly elevated values for MPV, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.001, P = 0.004, P = 0.020). Logistic regression research indicates that elevated levels of LDL and MPV substantially heighten the chance of amputation. The receiver operating characteristic curve study established the MPV cutoff value for amputation prediction at 11.2. The sensitivity and specificity of this value in predicting amputation were [β = 0.01, OR (odds ratio) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.03, P = 0.006] for LDL and (β = 0.52, OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.18-2.39, P = 0.003) for MPV. Every unit increment in the MPV value corresponds to an approximate 68.8% elevation in the probability of amputation. Conclusion: In individuals with diabetic foot ulcers, MPV and LDL levels are independent variables affecting amputation and may function as predictors for amputation.