[Severe Subcutaneous Emphysema Extending up to the Face with Only Minor Traumatic Pneumothorax].

Abstract

An 81-year-old man with chest trauma presented with facial swelling and eyes shut due to subcutaneous emphysema. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed extensive emphysema from the face to the pelvis, including mediastinal emphysema, fractures of the left 6th and 7th ribs, minor left pneumothorax, and slight hemothorax. Emphysema was likely caused by lung adhesions or fractured bone fragments penetrating the lung. Surgery was performed under epidural anesthesia in the right lateral decubitus position. The 6-cm incision above the fracture site allowed access to the extrapleural cavity. The lung penetration was relieved, and the fractured bones were realigned. Thoracoscopy revealed no adhesions, and two drains were placed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day nine. Although transfer to general anesthesia was considered, the surgery was successfully completed under epidural anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia may be a viable option for patients with severe subcutaneous emphysema, thereby avoiding the risks associated with positive pressure ventilation.