Examining the combined effects of social isolation and oral dysfunction on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older Japanese adults

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Geriatrics & Gerontology International Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI:10.1111/ggi.70117

Ayuka Kawakami, Kouki Tomida, Takahiro Shimoda, Chika Nakajima, Hiroyuki Shimada

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

This research examines the relationship between cognitive decline and the combined factors of social isolation and oral dysfunction among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

The participants of this cross-sectional study were community-dwelling older adults. Oral dysfunction (OD) was assessed using the Kihon checklist. Social isolation (SI) was assessed using two measures: reduced social contact and social disengagement. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was assessed using the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool. The participants were classified into four groups according to OD and/or SI. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with MCI as the objective variable, and OD and/or SI as the independent variable.

Results

Of the 13 142 participants, the median age was 72 years (interquartile range 69–77 years), and 44.7% were men. Significantly higher odds ratios for MCI were found in the non-OD/SI (odds ratio1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.30) and OD/SI (odds ratio1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.61) groups than in the non-OD/non-SI group. There was no statistically significant association between OD/non-SI and MCI.

Conclusion

The combined factors of social isolation and oral dysfunction were associated with cognitive decline, and the single factors of social isolation were associated with cognitive decline. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 1108–1114.

Abstract Image

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研究社会隔离和口腔功能障碍对日本社区老年人认知能力下降的综合影响。

目的：探讨社区居住老年人认知能力下降与社会孤立和口腔功能障碍的关系。方法：本横断面研究的参与者为社区居住的老年人。使用Kihon检查表评估口腔功能障碍（OD）。社会孤立（SI）是用两种措施来评估的：减少社会接触和脱离社会接触。轻度认知障碍（MCI）使用国家老年病学和老年学功能评估工具进行评估。参与者根据OD和/或SI分为四组。以MCI为客观变量，OD和/或SI为自变量，进行Logistic回归分析。结果：在13142名参与者中，中位年龄为72岁（四分位数范围为69-77岁），44.7%为男性。非OD/SI组（优势比1.16,95%可信区间1.04-1.30）和OD/SI组（优势比1.36,95%可信区间1.15-1.61）MCI的优势比显著高于非OD/非SI组。OD/非si与MCI之间无统计学意义的关联。结论：社会孤立和口腔功能障碍的联合因素与认知能力下降有关，社会孤立的单一因素与认知能力下降有关。Geriatr Gerontol 2025；••: ••-••.

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Geriatrics & Gerontology International 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.10%

发文量

189

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Geriatrics & Gerontology International is the official Journal of the Japan Geriatrics Society, reflecting the growing importance of the subject area in developed economies and their particular significance to a country like Japan with a large aging population. Geriatrics & Gerontology International is now an international publication with contributions from around the world and published four times per year.