Outcomes of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Program for Eritrean and Ethiopian parents of autistic children in the United States.

IF 5.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Autism Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI:10.1177/13623613251351345
Sarah Dababnah, Waganesh A Zeleke, Yoonzie Chung, Rachel Antwi Adjei, Pamela Dixon, Erica Salomone
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Autism intervention research has not adequately addressed the needs of Black autistic children and their families, particularly those who are also immigrants to the United States. The World Health Organization designed Caregiver Skills Training (CST), a parent-mediated intervention intended to improve child social communication and behavior, to fill in the global gap of services for caregivers of young children with autism and other neurodevelopmental conditions. While CST has been implemented in Ethiopia, it has not been evaluated for Ethiopian and Eritrean immigrant families in the United States. This single-arm pilot study of CST investigated pre- and post-intervention changes in parent and child outcomes within a sample of 25 mothers of autistic children (ages 2-9 years) in Maryland, Washington, DC, and Virginia. Eritrean and Ethiopian facilitators delivered CST remotely to five parent groups. We used Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and found statistically significant improvements in parents' knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, depression, and empowerment, as well as child communication, sociability, and sensory/cognitive awareness. There were no statistically significant changes in parents' anxiety, stress, and coping, nor some subscales of the empowerment and child outcome measures. We conclude CST is a promising intervention for Ethiopian and Eritrean immigrant families in the United States. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm study findings.Lay abstractAutism intervention research has often not included Black autistic children and families, including those who are also immigrants to the United States. The World Health Organization designed Caregiver Skills Training (CST) because there are not enough services for caregivers of young children with autism and other neurodevelopmental conditions. CST is an intervention in which parents receive information on how to support their own and their children's needs in nine group and three individual sessions. While CST has been adapted and piloted in Ethiopia, it has not been evaluated for Ethiopian and Eritrean immigrant families in the United States. In this study, five groups with a total of 25 mothers of autistic children (ages 2-9 years) all received CST from Eritrean and Ethiopian facilitators on Zoom. The participants completed surveys about themselves and their autistic children before and after they completed CST. We found that parents' knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, depression, and empowerment, as well as their children's communication, sociability, and sensory/cognitive awareness improved after they completed CST. We did not find changes in some areas we measured, such as parents' anxiety, stress, and coping. We believe that CST might be a promising intervention for Ethiopian and Eritrean immigrant families in the United States. We recommend that more research should be done to confirm what we found in this study.

世界卫生组织为在美国有自闭症儿童的厄立特里亚和埃塞俄比亚父母开展的照料者技能培训项目的结果。
自闭症干预研究没有充分解决黑人自闭症儿童及其家庭的需求,特别是那些移民到美国的儿童。世界卫生组织设计了照顾者技能培训(CST),这是一种父母介导的干预措施,旨在改善儿童的社会沟通和行为,以填补全球为患有自闭症和其他神经发育疾病的幼儿照顾者提供服务的空白。虽然埃塞俄比亚已经实施了CST,但尚未对在美国的埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚移民家庭进行评估。这项CST的单臂先导研究调查了马里兰州、华盛顿特区和弗吉尼亚州25名自闭症儿童(2-9岁)的母亲在干预前和干预后父母和儿童结局的变化。厄立特里亚和埃塞俄比亚的协调员远程向五个家长团体提供了CST。我们使用Wilcoxon sign -rank检验,发现在父母的知识、技能、自我效能、抑郁和授权以及儿童沟通、社交能力和感官/认知意识方面有统计学上显著的改善。在父母的焦虑、压力和应对方面没有统计学上的显著变化,也没有一些赋权和儿童结果测量的分量表。我们得出结论,CST是一个有希望的干预埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚移民家庭在美国。需要随机对照试验来证实研究结果。自闭症干预研究通常不包括黑人自闭症儿童和家庭,包括那些移民到美国的儿童和家庭。世界卫生组织设计了护理人员技能培训(CST),因为没有足够的服务来照顾患有自闭症和其他神经发育疾病的幼儿。CST是一项干预措施,父母在9个小组和3个个人会议中获得关于如何支持自己和子女需求的信息。虽然埃塞俄比亚已对CST进行了调整和试点,但尚未对在美国的埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚移民家庭进行评估。在本研究中,五组共25名自闭症儿童(2-9岁)的母亲在Zoom上接受了厄立特里亚和埃塞俄比亚辅导员的CST培训。参与者在完成CST之前和之后完成了关于他们自己和他们的自闭症孩子的调查。我们发现父母的知识、技能、自我效能、抑郁和赋权,以及孩子的沟通、社交和感官/认知意识在完成CST后都有所改善。在我们测量的一些领域,如父母的焦虑、压力和应对方面,我们没有发现变化。我们认为,CST可能是一个有希望的干预埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚移民家庭在美国。我们建议应该做更多的研究来证实我们在这项研究中的发现。
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来源期刊
Autism
Autism PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
11.50%
发文量
160
期刊介绍: Autism is a major, peer-reviewed, international journal, published 8 times a year, publishing research of direct and practical relevance to help improve the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. It is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on research in many areas, including: intervention; diagnosis; training; education; translational issues related to neuroscience, medical and genetic issues of practical import; psychological processes; evaluation of particular therapies; quality of life; family needs; and epidemiological research. Autism provides a major international forum for peer-reviewed research of direct and practical relevance to improving the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. The journal''s success and popularity reflect the recent worldwide growth in the research and understanding of autistic spectrum disorders, and the consequent impact on the provision of treatment and care. Autism is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on evaluative research in all areas, including: intervention, diagnosis, training, education, neuroscience, psychological processes, evaluation of particular therapies, quality of life issues, family issues and family services, medical and genetic issues, epidemiological research.
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