Exercise-Induced Short-Chain Fatty Acids: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Sarcopenia.

IF 7 2区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Fan Shi, Jun Chen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by sarcopenia is an emerging clinical challenge in aging populations, characterized by coexisting metabolic dysfunction and the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. This comorbidity substantially elevates the risk of frailty, functional impairment, and poor clinical outcomes, highlighting the urgent need for targeted therapeutic interventions. Growing evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the pathogenesis of both Type 2 diabetes mellitus and sarcopenia through mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction. Among gut-derived metabolites, short-chain fatty acids exert anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects and also promote muscle metabolism and mitochondrial function. Notably, exercise increases the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, thereby elevating circulating short-chain fatty acid levels and contributing to improved glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle function. This review summarizes the effects of various exercise modalities on short-chain fatty acid production and explores the mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids mediate the benefits of exercise in Type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by sarcopenia, emphasizing their potential as novel therapeutic targets for integrated disease management.

运动诱导的短链脂肪酸:2型糖尿病伴肌少症的新治疗靶点。
2型糖尿病伴有肌肉减少症是老年人群中一个新兴的临床挑战,其特征是代谢功能障碍和骨骼肌质量和功能的进行性丧失并存。这种合并症大大增加了虚弱、功能损害和不良临床结果的风险,突出了对有针对性的治疗干预的迫切需要。越来越多的证据表明,肠道菌群失调通过慢性炎症、胰岛素抵抗、线粒体和自噬功能障碍等机制参与了2型糖尿病和肌肉减少症的发病机制。在肠道代谢物中,短链脂肪酸具有抗炎和胰岛素增敏作用,并促进肌肉代谢和线粒体功能。值得注意的是,运动增加了产生短链脂肪酸的细菌的丰度,从而提高了循环短链脂肪酸水平,有助于改善葡萄糖稳态和骨骼肌功能。本文综述了不同运动方式对短链脂肪酸产生的影响,并探讨了短链脂肪酸介导运动对2型糖尿病合并肌肉减少症的益处的机制,强调了短链脂肪酸作为综合疾病管理的新治疗靶点的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Aging and Disease
Aging and Disease GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY-
CiteScore
14.60
自引率
2.70%
发文量
138
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: Aging & Disease (A&D) is an open-access online journal dedicated to publishing groundbreaking research on the biology of aging, the pathophysiology of age-related diseases, and innovative therapies for conditions affecting the elderly. The scope encompasses various diseases such as Stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, Epilepsy, Dementia, Depression, Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, Arthritis, Cataract, Osteoporosis, Diabetes, and Hypertension. The journal welcomes studies involving animal models as well as human tissues or cells.
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