A flower-like morphology in natural rubber latex film binder: Mechanical and antifungal characteristics

IF 3.6 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI:10.1002/vnl.22218

Abdulhakim Masa, Anuwat Worlee, Nureeyah Jehsoh, Nabil Hayeemasae

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Latex paint is a water-based paint that uses synthetic polymers as a binder. It is widely used for outdoor environments. This has brought fungal growth due to the combination of moisture, organic matter, and environmental conditions. This study proposed a feasibility study on preparing antifungal latex binders based on natural rubber (NR) latex and acrylic emulsion (AE) blends. It started with latex film preparation before applying it as a latex binder. They were prepared with various levels of the antifungal agent, namely triclosan, in the blends. Results exhibited a very unique morphology when imaging through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A flower-like morphology was seen after adding triclosan to the latex films. The prepared films were further characterized in terms of thermomechanical responses to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR). In DMA, there were no significant changes in the glass transition temperatures (T_g) of NR and AE. However, there were obvious changes in the magnitude of the loss tangent (tan δ) over the temperature ranges from −50 to −30 °C and from 70 to 100 °C, where the loss tangent fluctuated due to triclosan. Moreover, triclosan also influenced the antifungal activity of the samples in a dose-dependent manner: the antifungal efficiency increased with the additional level of triclosan. Triclosan is classified as a phenolic antimicrobial agent. Even though triclosan is chemically non-polar, its structure depends on the environment making it adapt to polarity. Therefore, triclosan may penetrate through the cell membrane and inhibit the growth of spores. The overall results supported the feasibility study on the preparation of antifungal latex binders with good mechanical performance.

Highlights

This study prepared latex compounds with good antifungal performance.
A novel flower-like morphology in natural rubber latex was surprisingly observed.
Triclosan kills fungi by disrupting the cell wall and interfering with the lipid components.
Triclosan provides various polarity conditions by rotating its ether bond.
The polarity of Triclosan increased over the bond rotation from 30 to 90 °.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

天然胶乳膜粘合剂中的花状形态：机械和抗真菌特性

乳胶漆是一种以合成聚合物为粘合剂的水性涂料。广泛用于室外环境。由于水分、有机物和环境条件的共同作用，真菌得以生长。本研究提出了以天然橡胶（NR）乳胶与丙烯酸乳液（AE）共混为基础制备抗真菌胶乳粘合剂的可行性研究。在将其作为乳胶粘合剂之前，首先进行乳胶薄膜制备。它们在混合物中加入了不同水平的抗真菌剂，即三氯生。结果显示出非常独特的形态时，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）成像。在乳胶膜中加入三氯生后，可以看到花状的形态。通过动态力学分析（DMA）和温度扫描应力松弛（TSSR）对制备的薄膜进行了进一步的热力学响应表征。在DMA中，NR和AE的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）没有显著变化。然而，在- 50至- 30°C和70至100°C的温度范围内，损耗正切（tan δ）的大小发生了明显变化，其中损耗正切由于三氯生的作用而波动。此外，三氯生还以剂量依赖的方式影响样品的抗真菌活性：抗真菌效率随着三氯生水平的增加而增加。三氯生被归类为酚类抗菌剂。尽管三氯生在化学上是非极性的，但它的结构取决于使它适应极性的环境。因此，三氯生可能穿透细胞膜，抑制孢子的生长。研究结果支持了制备具有良好力学性能的抗真菌胶乳粘结剂的可行性研究。本研究制备了具有良好抑菌性能的乳胶化合物。令人惊讶的是，在天然胶乳中观察到一种新的花状形态。三氯生通过破坏细胞壁和干扰脂质成分来杀死真菌。三氯生通过旋转其醚键提供各种极性条件。三氯生的极性随着键的旋转从30°增加到90°。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.