Cardiovascular Implications of Lipoprotein(a) and its Genetic Variants

JACC. Asia Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jacasi.2025.04.012

Ayman El-Menyar MD , Naushad A. Khan PhD , Wael Al Mahmeed MD , Jassim Al Suwaidi MD , Hassan Al-Thani MD

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Abstract

Dyslipidemia, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is prevalent in the Middle East (ME) countries. With a variable prevalence, elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is the most widespread monogenic dyslipidemic disorder. Genetic studies have established Lp(a) as a heritable and independent risk factor for CVD. This discovery has shifted the perception of Lp(a) and the LPA gene from mere biomarkers of atherosclerotic risk to a viable target for therapeutic intervention. Significant differences in serum Lp(a) levels have been observed across racial and ethnic groups, with few independent genetic variants affecting Lp(a) levels outside the LPA gene region. Data specific to the ME and Arab populations remains scarce. ME populations exhibit genetic diversity and higher consanguinity rates, which may uniquely influence Lp(a) distribution and associated variations. This review examines the genetic and observational factors that shape Lp(a) levels and their role in CVD risk, focusing on ME populations.

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脂蛋白(a)及其遗传变异对心血管的影响

血脂异常是心血管疾病（cvd）的一个重要危险因素，在中东（ME）国家普遍存在。随着患病率的变化，脂蛋白(a)升高[Lp(a)]是最普遍的单基因血脂异常疾病。遗传学研究已经确定Lp(a)是CVD的遗传和独立危险因素。这一发现将Lp(a)和LPA基因从单纯的动脉粥样硬化风险生物标志物转变为治疗干预的可行靶点。血清Lp(a)水平在不同种族和民族群体中存在显著差异，在LPA基因区域之外，影响Lp(a)水平的独立遗传变异很少。针对中东和阿拉伯人口的具体数据仍然很少。ME群体表现出遗传多样性和较高的亲缘率，这可能是影响Lp(a)分布和相关变异的唯一因素。本综述研究了影响Lp(a)水平的遗传和观察因素及其在心血管疾病风险中的作用，重点是ME人群。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JACC. Asia Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

CiteScore

4.00

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0.00%

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