Coping With Abuse—Child Referees in Football: Is It All Just Part of the Job?

IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES
Suzanne Everley
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Abstract

Following identification of child abuse embedded in sports, there has been a significant increase in research exploring the culture of sport and how this might be challenged to enable children's voices and support safeguarding. This has, however, focused largely on the experience of youth players with the place of youth officials significantly neglected in this context. This paper explores the experiences of youth referees through three English county FA case studies utilising a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of interviews with U18 officials, adults working with them (Referee Development Officers, Referee Mentors, Youth Representative, Allocation Officer and parents). Findings showed that youth officials routinely experience abuse (physical/verbal) when fulfilling their role. The nature of this abuse is both physical and verbal, direct and proximal and largely normalised. Youth officials are actively prepared to anticipate and manage abusive situations. Despite wearing symbols indicating their status as children, youth officials are still subject to being targeted by both parents and managers. Abusive situations are rationalised as being the responsibility of the referee and due to the culture of football and wider society. Without cultural change, the continuation of abuse of referees is foreseen as an inevitability. Focusing on education, challenging a facilitating culture, and creating a discourse that cultivates the positive treatment of referees is crucial to addressing concerns to protect children's rights in refereeing football.

应对足球中虐待儿童的裁判:这只是工作的一部分吗?
在发现体育运动中存在的虐待儿童行为之后,探索体育文化以及如何挑战这种文化以使儿童发声和支持保障的研究显著增加。然而,这主要集中在青年球员的经验上,而青年官员的地位在这方面被严重忽视。本文通过对三个英国郡足总案例的研究,利用福柯话语分析法,对U18裁判、与他们一起工作的成年人(裁判发展官员、裁判导师、青少年代表、分配官员和家长)进行访谈,探讨了青少年裁判的经历。调查结果表明,青年官员在履行职责时经常遭受虐待(身体/语言)。这种虐待的性质是身体上和语言上的,直接的和近距离的,而且在很大程度上是常态化的。青年官员积极准备预测和管理虐待情况。尽管青少年官员身上带着象征孩子身份的标志,但他们仍然会成为家长和教练的目标。辱骂的情况被合理化为裁判的责任,这是由于足球文化和更广泛的社会。如果不改变文化,可以预见,对裁判的虐待将不可避免地继续下去。关注教育,挑战促进文化,创造一种培养积极对待裁判的话语,对于解决保护足球裁判中儿童权利的问题至关重要。
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来源期刊
Child Abuse Review
Child Abuse Review Multiple-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
65
期刊介绍: Child Abuse Review provides a forum for all professionals working in the field of child protection, giving them access to the latest research findings, practice developments, training initiatives and policy issues. The Journal"s remit includes all forms of maltreatment, whether they occur inside or outside the family environment. Papers are written in a style appropriate for a multidisciplinary audience and those from outside Britain are welcomed. The Journal maintains a practice orientated focus and authors of research papers are encouraged to examine and discuss implications for practitioners.
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