Liyan Kaiyin Formula relieves reflux pharyngitis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunobiology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.imbio.2025.153095

Lirong Wang , Xuqing Chen , Tianyu Xu , Youpeng Fei , Qi Yang , Jingjuan An , Zeqing Li , Kunmin Wu

{"title":"Liyan Kaiyin Formula relieves reflux pharyngitis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway","authors":"Lirong Wang , Xuqing Chen , Tianyu Xu , Youpeng Fei , Qi Yang , Jingjuan An , Zeqing Li , Kunmin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2025.153095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background:</em> We aimed to investigate whether Liyan Kaiyin Formula (LYKYF) can relieve reflux pharyngitis in rats by regulating M1 macrophage polarization <em>via</em> the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Forty rats were randomized into a sham group, a laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) group, a LYKYF group and a LYKYF+CHPG group (<em>n</em> = 10). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to measure the expressions of proteins implicated in NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Western blotting was also used for the detection of M1 macrophage markers (CD86 and iNOS).</div><div><em>Results:</em> Compared to the sham group, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in the serum, proportion of M1 macrophages in pharyngeal tissues, p-NF-κB p65/p65 ratio, protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and mRNA expressions of NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC in the LPRD group exhibited significant elevations (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Compared with the LYKYF group, the LYKYF+CHPG group had significant elevations in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels, proportion of M1 macrophages in pharyngeal tissues, p-NF-κB p65/p65 ratio, protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, CD86 and iNOS, as well as NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC mRNA expressions (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The identified key target genes were significantly enriched in GO terms associated with signal transduction, protein phosphorylation regulation, and adaptive responses to external stimuli.</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> LYKYF may suppress M1 macrophage polarization through suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway activation, thereby alleviating reflux pharyngitis in rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 4","pages":"Article 153095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Immunobiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171298525002293","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate whether Liyan Kaiyin Formula (LYKYF) can relieve reflux pharyngitis in rats by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway.

Methods: Forty rats were randomized into a sham group, a laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) group, a LYKYF group and a LYKYF+CHPG group (n = 10). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to measure the expressions of proteins implicated in NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Western blotting was also used for the detection of M1 macrophage markers (CD86 and iNOS).

Results: Compared to the sham group, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in the serum, proportion of M1 macrophages in pharyngeal tissues, p-NF-κB p65/p65 ratio, protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86) and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and mRNA expressions of NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC in the LPRD group exhibited significant elevations (P < 0.05). Compared with the LYKYF group, the LYKYF+CHPG group had significant elevations in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels, proportion of M1 macrophages in pharyngeal tissues, p-NF-κB p65/p65 ratio, protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, CD86 and iNOS, as well as NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC mRNA expressions (P < 0.05). The identified key target genes were significantly enriched in GO terms associated with signal transduction, protein phosphorylation regulation, and adaptive responses to external stimuli.

Conclusion: LYKYF may suppress M1 macrophage polarization through suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway activation, thereby alleviating reflux pharyngitis in rats.

查看原文本刊更多论文

利炎开饮方通过NF-κB/NLRP3通路调节M1巨噬细胞极化，缓解反流性咽炎

背景：我们旨在研究利炎开饮方（LYKYF）是否通过核因子-κB (NF-κB)/ nod样受体蛋白3 （NLRP3）通路调节M1巨噬细胞极化，从而缓解大鼠反流性咽炎。方法：将40只大鼠随机分为假手术组、喉返流病（LPRD）组、LYKYF组和LYKYF+CHPG组（n = 10）。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清炎症因子白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)水平。采用Western blotting和RT-PCR检测NF-κB/NLRP3通路相关蛋白的表达。Western blotting检测M1巨噬细胞标志物（CD86和iNOS）。结果：与假手术组比较，LPRD组大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平、咽部组织M1巨噬细胞比例、P -NF-κB p65/p65比值、NLRP3、Caspase-1、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白（ASC）、CD86、诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白表达、NF-κB p65、NLRP3、Caspase-1、ASC mRNA表达均显著升高(P <；0.05)。与LYKYF组比较，LYKYF+CHPG组血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平、咽部组织M1巨噬细胞比例、P -NF-κB p65/p65比值、NLRP3、Caspase-1、ASC、CD86、iNOS蛋白表达以及NF-κB p65、NLRP3、Caspase-1、ASC mRNA表达均显著升高(P <；0.05)。鉴定出的关键靶基因显著富集与信号转导、蛋白磷酸化调控和对外部刺激的适应性反应相关的氧化石墨烯。结论：LYKYF可能通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3通路激活来抑制M1巨噬细胞极化，从而减轻大鼠反流性咽炎。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Immunobiology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

108

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： Immunobiology is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes highly innovative research approaches for a wide range of immunological subjects, including • Innate Immunity, • Adaptive Immunity, • Complement Biology, • Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Biology, • Parasite Immunology, • Tumour Immunology, • Clinical Immunology, • Immunogenetics, • Immunotherapy and • Immunopathology of infectious, allergic and autoimmune disease.