Early Hydration and Rheological behavior of carbide slag-activated red mud/GGBS Full Waste Grouting Material

Abstract

Fully solid waste grouting material (FWGM) represents a green and low-carbon material prepared from solid waste, effectively reducing carbon emissions. Existing research primarily focuses on its physical-mechanical properties and durability, while knowledge regarding its early-stage performance remains limited. This study utilized industrial solid wastes carbide slag (CS), red mud (RM), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) to prepare FWGM, and investigated its early hydration characteristics and hydration kinetic processes. Through the application of hydration heat analysis, hydration kinetics studies, rheological property testing, and FTIR analysis, the early-stage performance of FWGM was comprehensively examined. The findings revealed that the alkaline environment formed upon the dissolution of CS aids in disrupting the vitreous structure of GGBS and accelerating the alkali activation reaction. Moreover, the optimal hydration heat release rate is achieved when the CS content reaches 15%. The hydration reaction of the grouting material is primarily governed by crystal growth, and an increase in CS promotes this process. However, excessive incorporation of RM leads to an increase in shear viscosity and a decrease in fluidity, whereas an increase in GGBS has the opposite effect but results in a reduction in reaction rate and strength. Taking all factors into consideration, the grouting material exhibits the best fluidity, early hardening strength, and reaction rate when the CS content is 15%, the RM content ranges from 20% to 40%, and the GGBS content ranges from 60% to 80%.