Syringic Acid Reduces Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rats.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of syringic acid (SA) doses on cerebral damage caused by experimentally induced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats using histological and biochemical analyses. This is the first study to examine the effect of SA against SAH-induced oxidative damage.

Material and methods: In total, 40 male Wistar albino rats were randomly and equally assigned to four groups: Control, SAH, SAH + 50 mg/kg/day SA (oral), and SAH + 250 mg/kg/day SA (oral). The rats in the SAH, SAH + 50 mg/kg/day SA, and SAH + 250 mg/kg/day SA groups were induced with SAH by administering 0.15 mL of autologous blood, collected from each rat's heart, into the subarachnoid space through the foramen magnum. On day 10, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood and brain tissues were collected for analyses.

Results: Glutathione peroxidase levels were considerably elevated in the SAH + 250 mg/kg/day SA group compared to both the control and SAH groups. Although not statistically significant, IL-6 levels were lower in the SAH + 250 mg/kg/day SA group compared with those in the control group. In the SAH + 250 mg/kg/day SA group, the histological and cellular damage in the cortical brain tissue significantly reduced.

Conclusion: SA (250 mg/kg/day) ameliorated the oxidative and histopathological changes in blood profile and cerebral tissue of rats exposed to experimentally induced SAH. Thus, SA can reduce secondary cerebral damage in an SAH-induced rat model.