Anxiety and Depression Outcomes in Liver Transplant Candidates and Recipients Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Transplantation proceedings Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2025.05.032

Ali Emre Bardak , Asli Cifcibasi Ormeci , Zuhal Yildiz , Volkan Senkal , Ziya Imanov , Zulal Istemihan , Kanan Nuriyev , Aynura Rustamzada , Sezen Genc , Filiz Akyuz , Kadir Demir , Fatih Besisik , Sabahtattin Kaymakoglu , Bilger Cavus

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Liver transplantation is a life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease, but it is associated with significant psychological burdens, including anxiety and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the anxiety and depression of this population using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and to identify associated demographic and clinical factors.

Methods

This study included 113 liver transplant candidates and recipients. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the HADS with an anonymous questionairre. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on transplant status, donor type, gender, age, body mass index, education level, and antidepressant use.

Results

The mean overall HADS score was 11.16. Although female participants showed slightly higher mean anxiety, depression, and overall HADS scores, the differences were not statistically significant. Generation Z had the highest anxiety scores (significantly greater than Generation X, P = .048, and Baby Boomers, P = .034), while Baby Boomers had the highest, albeit non-significant, depression scores. Education level and BMI categories showed no significant group differences. Individuals taking antidepressants had significantly elevated anxiety (P = .044) and overall HADS (P = .026) scores. Among candidates, having a confirmed living donor was associated with significantly lower depression (P = .034) and overall HADS (P = .043). Time since transplantation showed no significant correlation with psychological outcomes.

Conclusions

Psychological distress is prevalent among liver transplant candidates and recipients, and it has a substantial impact on morbidity and mortality. Raising awareness for the recognition of the psychological aspect of transplantation is critical to improve mental health and clinical outcomes in this population.

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使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表的肝移植候选者和受者的焦虑和抑郁结果

目的：肝移植是挽救终末期肝病患者生命的治疗方法，但它伴随着显著的心理负担，包括焦虑和抑郁。本研究旨在使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估该人群的焦虑和抑郁，并确定相关的人口统计学和临床因素。方法：本研究纳入113例肝移植候选者和受者。焦虑和抑郁使用HADS和匿名问卷进行评估。根据移植状况、供体类型、性别、年龄、体重指数、教育水平和抗抑郁药使用情况进行亚组分析。结果：HADS总分平均为11.16分。虽然女性参与者表现出略高的平均焦虑、抑郁和总体HADS得分，但差异没有统计学意义。Z一代的焦虑得分最高（显著高于X一代，P = 0.048，婴儿潮一代，P = 0.034），而婴儿潮一代的抑郁得分最高，尽管没有显著性差异。受教育程度和BMI类别组间差异无统计学意义。服用抗抑郁药物的个体焦虑（P = 0.044）和HADS总分（P = 0.026）显著升高。在候选者中，有一个确认的活体供体与显著降低的抑郁（P = 0.034）和总体HADS （P = 0.043）相关。移植后的时间与心理结果无显著相关性。结论：心理困扰在肝移植候选者和受者中普遍存在，并对其发病率和死亡率有重大影响。提高对移植心理方面的认识对于改善这一人群的心理健康和临床结果至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transplantation proceedings 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

502

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Transplantation Proceedings publishes several different categories of manuscripts, all of which undergo extensive peer review by recognized authorities in the field prior to their acceptance for publication. The first type of manuscripts consists of sets of papers providing an in-depth expression of the current state of the art in various rapidly developing components of world transplantation biology and medicine. These manuscripts emanate from congresses of the affiliated transplantation societies, from Symposia sponsored by the Societies, as well as special Conferences and Workshops covering related topics. Transplantation Proceedings also publishes several special sections including publication of Clinical Transplantation Proceedings, being rapid original contributions of preclinical and clinical experiences. These manuscripts undergo review by members of the Editorial Board. Original basic or clinical science articles, clinical trials and case studies can be submitted to the journal?s open access companion title Transplantation Reports.