An evaluation of insecticide and nitrogen fertility programs in dry bulb onions in the treasure valley of Eastern Oregon and Southwest Idaho in 2019 to 2021.

Gina A Greenway, Silvia I Rondon, Anitha Chitturi, Willliam Buhrig, Stuart Reitz
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted at Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario, Oregon, from 2019 to 2021 for evaluation of optimal use of insecticides and in-season nitrogen fertilization to maximize profitability of dry bulb onion production. Insecticide programs included a control, a calendar-based weekly program, and an action threshold-based integrated pest management program. Nitrogen fertility was evaluated at two levels, standard and reduced. The standard nitrogen fertility program was based on recommended rates determined from soil and tissue tests. The reduced program delivered nitrogen at 50% of the recommended amount. Results pertaining to optimal use of insecticides were inconclusive. Each year of the study resulted in a different outcome relating to best practices for timing and delivering insecticide applications, indicating the need for more research. Standard nitrogen fertilization programs optimized profit in all 3 years of the study. The greater overall profitability of the standard fertilization program provides evidence to support using and following recommendations from soil and tissue tests for economically advantageous management of in-season nitrogen fertilization of dry bulb onions. The relative value of benefits from every dollar spent on nitrogen fertilizer during each year of the study was also evaluated using benefit-cost ratios. Even when the price of nitrogen was high relative to the value of the crop, investment in nitrogen still produced positive economic benefits.

2019年至2021年俄勒冈州东部和爱达荷州西南部宝藏谷干洋葱杀虫剂和氮肥肥力计划的评估。
2019年至2021年,在俄勒冈州安大略省俄勒冈州立大学Malheur实验站进行了实地研究,以评估杀虫剂和季节性氮肥的最佳使用,以最大限度地提高干洋葱生产的盈利能力。杀虫剂计划包括控制、基于日历的每周计划和基于行动阈值的综合虫害管理计划。氮肥力评价分为标准和降低两个层次。标准的氮肥计划是基于从土壤和组织测试中确定的推荐比率。减少方案提供的氮量为推荐量的50%。有关杀虫剂最佳使用的结果尚无定论。每年的研究都得出了与杀虫剂施用时机和施用最佳做法有关的不同结果,这表明需要进行更多的研究。标准氮肥方案在所有3年的研究中都优化了利润。标准施肥方案更大的整体盈利能力为使用和遵循土壤和组织试验的建议提供了证据,以支持对干洋葱进行季节性氮肥的经济有利管理。在研究的每一年里,每一美元在氮肥上的收益的相对价值也用收益成本比进行了评估。即使在氮肥价格相对于作物价值较高的情况下,氮肥投资仍能产生积极的经济效益。
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