Sustained maternal human immunodeficiency virus viral load suppression and cascade of human immunodeficiency virus testing among exposed infants in Rwanda.

Hafidha Mhando Bakari, Jackson Sebeza, Haji Mbwana Ally, Hassan Fredrick Fussi, Habib Omari Ramadhani, Peter Memiah, Djemima Umutesi, Basile Ikuzo, Gallican Rwibasira
{"title":"Sustained maternal human immunodeficiency virus viral load suppression and cascade of human immunodeficiency virus testing among exposed infants in Rwanda.","authors":"Hafidha Mhando Bakari, Jackson Sebeza, Haji Mbwana Ally, Hassan Fredrick Fussi, Habib Omari Ramadhani, Peter Memiah, Djemima Umutesi, Basile Ikuzo, Gallican Rwibasira","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i2.107322","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To prevent mother to child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sustained maternal viral load suppression (VLS) and early HIV testing among HIV exposed infants (HEI) is critical.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate maternal viral load results and infant HIV testing uptake at 6-weeks, and 9-months and 18-months in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2015 and 2022, VLS (< 200 copies/mL) was measured among pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) from 38-healthcare facilities. Viral loads (VL) were measured at 6-months, 12-months and 24-months, respectively. For maternal VL, the unit of analysis was visit-pair, and the pairs were created to define those with VL < 200 copies/mL at two consecutive visits as having sustained VLS, persistent viremia (VL ≥ 200 copies/mL at two consecutive visits), viral rebound (VL < 200 copies/mL at prior visit only) and newly suppressed (VL < 200 copies/mL at subsequent visit only). HEI were considered to have persistent HIV testing if they had all three HIV tests. Poisson regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) and 95%CI for factors associated with sustained VLS and persistent HIV testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1145 mother-infant pairs were analyzed. Infant HIV testing uptake at 6- weeks, 9-months and 18-months was 1145 (100.0%), 1089 (95.1%), 1006 (87.9%) respectively. Nine hundred ninety-nine HEI (87.3%) tested for HIV persistently. At 18-months, the incidence of HIV among HEI was 8 (0.7%). Of 1145 mothers, 1076 (94.0%) had ≥ 2 VL results making a total of 2010 visit-pairs (142-single; 934-double visit-pairs). The incidence rate of sustained VLS, persistent viremia, viral rebound and new suppression were 91.0%, 1.3%, 3.6% and 4.0% respectively. Maternal disclosure of HIV status (aIRR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02-1.14) was associated with increased likelihood of sustained VLS. Having peer support (aIRR = 1.05 95%CI: 1.01-1.10) was associated with persistent HIV testing among HEI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sustained VLS is high among pregnant WLHIV in Rwanda. The low incidence of HIV among HEI may be attributed to high VLS levels. Targeted interventions, including enhanced HIV disclosure and peer support, are crucial for improving sustained VLS and increasing infant HIV testing uptake to reduce MTCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 2","pages":"107322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188896/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","FirstCategoryId":"1089","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5501/wjv.v14.i2.107322","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: To prevent mother to child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sustained maternal viral load suppression (VLS) and early HIV testing among HIV exposed infants (HEI) is critical.

Aim: To investigate maternal viral load results and infant HIV testing uptake at 6-weeks, and 9-months and 18-months in Rwanda.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2022, VLS (< 200 copies/mL) was measured among pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) from 38-healthcare facilities. Viral loads (VL) were measured at 6-months, 12-months and 24-months, respectively. For maternal VL, the unit of analysis was visit-pair, and the pairs were created to define those with VL < 200 copies/mL at two consecutive visits as having sustained VLS, persistent viremia (VL ≥ 200 copies/mL at two consecutive visits), viral rebound (VL < 200 copies/mL at prior visit only) and newly suppressed (VL < 200 copies/mL at subsequent visit only). HEI were considered to have persistent HIV testing if they had all three HIV tests. Poisson regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) and 95%CI for factors associated with sustained VLS and persistent HIV testing.

Results: A total of 1145 mother-infant pairs were analyzed. Infant HIV testing uptake at 6- weeks, 9-months and 18-months was 1145 (100.0%), 1089 (95.1%), 1006 (87.9%) respectively. Nine hundred ninety-nine HEI (87.3%) tested for HIV persistently. At 18-months, the incidence of HIV among HEI was 8 (0.7%). Of 1145 mothers, 1076 (94.0%) had ≥ 2 VL results making a total of 2010 visit-pairs (142-single; 934-double visit-pairs). The incidence rate of sustained VLS, persistent viremia, viral rebound and new suppression were 91.0%, 1.3%, 3.6% and 4.0% respectively. Maternal disclosure of HIV status (aIRR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02-1.14) was associated with increased likelihood of sustained VLS. Having peer support (aIRR = 1.05 95%CI: 1.01-1.10) was associated with persistent HIV testing among HEI.

Conclusion: Sustained VLS is high among pregnant WLHIV in Rwanda. The low incidence of HIV among HEI may be attributed to high VLS levels. Targeted interventions, including enhanced HIV disclosure and peer support, are crucial for improving sustained VLS and increasing infant HIV testing uptake to reduce MTCT.

持续的母体人类免疫缺陷病毒载量抑制和在卢旺达暴露婴儿中进行的人类免疫缺陷病毒级联检测。
背景:为了预防人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的母婴传播(MTCT),持续的母体病毒载量抑制(VLS)和HIV暴露婴儿(HEI)的早期HIV检测至关重要。目的:调查卢旺达6周、9个月和18个月时产妇病毒载量结果和婴儿HIV检测吸收情况。方法:在2015年至2022年期间,对来自38家医疗机构的艾滋病毒(WLHIV)孕妇的VLS(< 200拷贝/mL)进行了测量。分别在6个月、12个月和24个月时测定病毒载量(VL)。对于母体VL,分析单位为访问对,创建访问对将连续两次访问VL < 200拷贝/mL的人定义为持续性VLS,持续性病毒血症(连续两次访问VL≥200拷贝/mL),病毒反弹(仅在前一次访问时VL < 200拷贝/mL)和新抑制(仅在后续访问时VL < 200拷贝/mL)。如果接受了所有三项艾滋病毒检测,则被认为持续进行了艾滋病毒检测。使用广义估计方程的泊松回归模型来估计与持续VLS和持续HIV检测相关的因素的校正发病率比(aIRR)和95%CI。结果:共分析了1145对母婴。6周、9个月和18个月的婴儿HIV检测接入率分别为1145例(100.0%)、1089例(95.1%)、1006例(87.9%)。999例HEI患者(87.3%)持续接受HIV检测。在18个月时,HEI患者的HIV感染率为8(0.7%)。在1145名母亲中,1076名(94.0%)有≥2个VL结果,总共有2010对访问对(142对单身;934 -双visit-pairs)。持续性VLS、持续性病毒血症、病毒反弹和新抑制的发生率分别为91.0%、1.3%、3.6%和4.0%。母亲披露艾滋病毒状况(aIRR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02-1.14)与持续VLS的可能性增加相关。拥有同伴支持(aIRR = 1.05 95%CI: 1.01-1.10)与高智商人群持续进行HIV检测相关。结论:卢旺达孕妇WLHIV患者持续VLS发生率较高。艾滋病病毒在高智商人群中的低发病率可能归因于高VLS水平。有针对性的干预措施,包括加强艾滋病毒信息披露和同伴支持,对于改善持续的VLS和增加婴儿艾滋病毒检测以减少母婴传播至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
171
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信