Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Utilization Rates and Obesity in Urban Minority Children With High Asthma Disease Burden: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS
Ye Sun, Zoya Treyster, Deepa Rastogi, Laura A Conrad
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Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused dramatic changes in daily routines, healthcare access, and utilization in children with asthma, particularly urban minority children with poorly controlled asthma.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to elucidate changes in healthcare utilization, lung function, and weight as a result of the COVID-19 "shutdown" in patients followed at the Pediatric Asthma Center at the Children's Hospital at Montefiore.

Study design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including children aged 2-21 with physician-diagnosed persistent asthma. We compared healthcare utilization, lung function, asthma control, and weight changes before and after the COVID-19 lockdown (March 16, 2020 to June 1, 2020).

Results: This study included 101 children (61% Hispanic, 28% Black) with an average age of 9.2 (±4.7) years. There was a statistically significant decrease in hospitalization rates, emergency department visits, oral steroid use, urgent care visits and office visits pre- and post-COVID-19 shutdown, which was associated with improvement in asthma control (p < 0.001) but there was no significant improvement in lung function. Obesity rates increased overall from 29.7% to 43.9%, but weight gain did not differ based on asthma severity. Weight gain was disproportionally higher in a small sub-population of patients who needed step-up therapy.

Conclusion: Inner-city children with high asthma morbidity saw a significant reduction in healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic, with improved asthma control but no change in spirometry results. Despite an increase in obesity rates overall, weight changes did not differ across asthma severities, suggesting increase in obesity was not mediated by asthma severity.

COVID-19大流行对城市少数民族哮喘疾病高负担儿童医疗保健使用率和肥胖的影响:一项回顾性队列研究
背景:COVID-19大流行导致哮喘儿童,特别是哮喘控制不良的城市少数民族儿童的日常生活、医疗保健获取和利用发生了巨大变化。目的:在本研究中,我们旨在阐明在蒙特菲奥里儿童医院儿童哮喘中心随访的患者中,COVID-19“关闭”导致的医疗保健利用、肺功能和体重的变化。研究设计:我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究,纳入了2-21岁的医生诊断为持续性哮喘的儿童。我们比较了COVID-19封锁前后(2020年3月16日至2020年6月1日)的医疗保健利用率、肺功能、哮喘控制和体重变化。结果:本研究纳入101例儿童(61%为西班牙裔,28%为黑人),平均年龄为9.2(±4.7)岁。住院率、急诊科就诊次数、口服类固醇使用次数、急诊就诊次数和办公室就诊次数在COVID-19关闭前后均有统计学意义的下降,这与哮喘控制的改善有关(p结论:在COVID-19大流行期间,市中心哮喘发病率高的儿童的医疗保健利用率显著降低,哮喘控制得到改善,但肺活量测定结果没有变化。尽管总体肥胖率增加,但不同哮喘严重程度的体重变化没有差异,这表明肥胖的增加不是由哮喘严重程度介导的。
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来源期刊
Pediatric Pulmonology
Pediatric Pulmonology 医学-呼吸系统
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
12.90%
发文量
468
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Pediatric Pulmonology (PPUL) is the foremost global journal studying the respiratory system in disease and in health as it develops from intrauterine life though adolescence to adulthood. Combining explicit and informative analysis of clinical as well as basic scientific research, PPUL provides a look at the many facets of respiratory system disorders in infants and children, ranging from pathological anatomy, developmental issues, and pathophysiology to infectious disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and airborne toxins. Focused attention is given to the reporting of diagnostic and therapeutic methods for neonates, preschool children, and adolescents, the enduring effects of childhood respiratory diseases, and newly described infectious diseases. PPUL concentrates on subject matters of crucial interest to specialists preparing for the Pediatric Subspecialty Examinations in the United States and other countries. With its attentive coverage and extensive clinical data, this journal is a principle source for pediatricians in practice and in training and a must have for all pediatric pulmonologists.
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