Health implications of folic acid deficiency during pregnancy: women's awareness and attitudes.

Abstract

Folic acid supplementation is crucial for the health of both mother and newborn. This study investigated Saudi women's awareness, attitudes, and adherence regarding folic acid supplementation. National surveys were conducted across Saudi Arabia from January 1 to February 28, 2025. A validated online questionnaire was presented to female participants to assess socio-demographics, knowledge, and attitudes on folic acid usage. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, with results displayed as numerical values and percentages. 60% of participants acknowledged the significance of folic acid during gestation. A fair proportion recognized food sources of folic acid, although they misinterpreted the timing of supplementation. A substantial majority (83.5%) favored supplements and natural dietary sources, whilst 10.7% depended only on prescribed supplements. Just under half (45%) reported healthcare personnel to facilitate adherence, whereas 39.1% cited inadequate knowledge as an obstacle to adherence. Despite modest awareness of folic acid importance, there remain deficits in knowledge and obstacles in adherence among Saudi women. Improving educational programs and integrating folic acid counseling into normal healthcare practices are essential for ensuring consistent supplementation and enhancing maternal and fetal health outcomes.