Humic Acid and Cellulose Nanocrystal-Based Antifreeze Nanocomposite Hydrogel Flexible Sensor

IF 5.5 2区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biomacromolecules Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI:10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00624

Chenglin Yang , Xinyue Zhang , Xinhang Yu , Wenxiang Wang , Liangjiu Bai , Hou Chen , Lixia Yang , Huawei Yang , Donglei Wei

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Abstract

Humic acid (HA), a natural organic compound rich in carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, and quinone groups, was incorporated into hydrogels to enhance mechanical strength, antifreeze performance, UV resistance, and adhesion. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), extracted using phytic acid (PA), were co-introduced with HA into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) network. The abundant functional groups in HA provided additional cross-linking sites, forming a robust three-dimensional structure. After freeze–thaw treatment, the hydrogel exhibited a tensile strength of 4.4 MPa and UV transmittance as low as 0.0027% in the 200–400 nm range. Furthermore, β-GP modulated hydrogen bonding among water molecules, significantly improving antifreeze capability and enabling stable, sensitive detection of human motion and signal transmission at −20 °C. These results demonstrate the potential of HA-functionalized hydrogels as flexible sensors for operation in complex and low-temperature environments, broadening their applicability in wearable and bioelectronic systems.

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查看原文本刊更多论文

基于腐植酸和纤维素纳米晶体的防冻纳米复合水凝胶柔性传感器。

腐植酸（HA）是一种富含羧基、酚羟基和醌基团的天然有机化合物，被加入到水凝胶中，以提高机械强度、防冻性能、抗紫外线和附着力。将植酸（PA）提取的纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）与透明质酸共引入聚乙烯醇(PVA)/β-甘油磷酸酯（β-GP）网络中。HA中丰富的官能团提供了额外的交联位点，形成了坚固的三维结构。经冻融处理后的水凝胶抗拉强度为4.4 MPa，在200 ~ 400 nm范围内紫外透过率低至0.0027%。此外，β-GP调节了水分子之间的氢键，显著提高了防冻能力，并在-20°C下实现了稳定、灵敏的人体运动检测和信号传输。这些结果证明了ha功能化水凝胶作为在复杂和低温环境中工作的柔性传感器的潜力，扩大了它们在可穿戴和生物电子系统中的适用性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biomacromolecules 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

417

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： Biomacromolecules is a leading forum for the dissemination of cutting-edge research at the interface of polymer science and biology. Submissions to Biomacromolecules should contain strong elements of innovation in terms of macromolecular design, synthesis and characterization, or in the application of polymer materials to biology and medicine. Topics covered by Biomacromolecules include, but are not exclusively limited to: sustainable polymers, polymers based on natural and renewable resources, degradable polymers, polymer conjugates, polymeric drugs, polymers in biocatalysis, biomacromolecular assembly, biomimetic polymers, polymer-biomineral hybrids, biomimetic-polymer processing, polymer recycling, bioactive polymer surfaces, original polymer design for biomedical applications such as immunotherapy, drug delivery, gene delivery, antimicrobial applications, diagnostic imaging and biosensing, polymers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, polymeric scaffolds and hydrogels for cell culture and delivery.