A waterborne polyurethane sizing agent with excellent UV resistance using bio-based carboxylic acid as neutralizer to enhance interfacial properties of CF/PA6 composites

IF 7.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Communications Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI:10.1016/j.coco.2025.102517

Pengyan Zhao , Hailin Zhuang , Hongjun Wang , Shengtao Dai , Siyu Zhang , Ruijie Yang , Linzhu Wang , Yu Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In response to the environmental impact and non-renewable nature of fossil-based raw materials, a bio-based waterborne polyurethane (WPU) sizing agent was specifically designed to ameliorate the interface features of carbon fiber (CF) composites. The WPU formulation integrates sustainable resources to achieve both environmental benefits and high-performance characteristics. Thereinto, algae oil (AO) was converted into polyether amide polyol as a renewable raw material for the preparation of bio-based polyurethanes through a two-step chemical process. Furthermore, instead of conventional acetic acid, gentisate acid (GA) was incorporated as a bio-based neutralizing agent, which not only aligns with sustainability goals but also markedly improves the UV resistance of the sizing agent. Mechanical evaluations demonstrated a significant improvement based upon treatment with WPU sizing compared with the original composites. Remarkably, even after one week of exposure to xenon lamp irradiation, the treated CF composites retained over 97 % of their initial mechanical properties, highlighting the exceptional UV resistance conferred by the gentisate acid modification. This study introduces an innovative approach to developing environmentally friendly WPU sizing agents using bio-based neutralizers, showing considerable potential for applications requiring UV durability and robust interfacial strength.

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一种以生物基羧酸为中和剂增强CF/PA6复合材料界面性能的水性聚氨酯施胶剂，具有优异的抗紫外线性能

针对化石材料对环境的影响和不可再生性，设计了一种生物基水性聚氨酯（WPU）施胶剂，以改善碳纤维（CF）复合材料的界面特性。WPU配方整合了可持续资源，实现了环境效益和高性能。其中，藻类油（AO）通过两步法转化为聚醚酰胺多元醇，作为可再生原料制备生物基聚氨酯。此外，用龙胆酸（GA）代替传统的醋酸作为生物基中和剂，不仅符合可持续发展的目标，而且显著提高了施胶剂的抗紫外线能力。力学评价表明，与原始复合材料相比，WPU施胶处理有显著改善。值得注意的是，即使在氙灯照射一周后，经过处理的CF复合材料仍保留了超过97%的初始机械性能，突出了龙胆酸改性所赋予的特殊抗紫外线能力。本研究介绍了一种使用生物基中和剂开发环保型WPU施胶剂的创新方法，在需要紫外线耐久性和强大界面强度的应用中显示出相当大的潜力。

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来源期刊

Composites Communications Materials Science-Ceramics and Composites

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

340

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Composites Communications (Compos. Commun.) is a peer-reviewed journal publishing short communications and letters on the latest advances in composites science and technology. With a rapid review and publication process, its goal is to disseminate new knowledge promptly within the composites community. The journal welcomes manuscripts presenting creative concepts and new findings in design, state-of-the-art approaches in processing, synthesis, characterization, and mechanics modeling. In addition to traditional fiber-/particulate-reinforced engineering composites, it encourages submissions on composites with exceptional physical, mechanical, and fracture properties, as well as those with unique functions and significant application potential. This includes biomimetic and bio-inspired composites for biomedical applications, functional nano-composites for thermal management and energy applications, and composites designed for extreme service environments.