Mannan-oligosaccharide modulates gut microbiota and enhances immune-metabolic functions in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis): Insights from an in vitro fermentation model

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102958

Wei Li , Shubin Liu , Kaiqi Huang , Xiaoling Zhang , Xiaodan Wang , Jian G. Qin , Liqiao Chen , Erchao Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Prebiotics are promising alternatives to antibiotics for enhancing disease resistance in aquaculture, yet their immunomodulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.This study investigated the regulatory effects of prebiotics through in vitro experiments by directly comparing the effects of seven prebiotics, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOSs), inulin, β-glucan, isomaltodextrin (IMO), and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs), on the gut microbiota and metabolites in the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis). The pH values and digestive enzyme activities of the fermentation broth were measured. Five prebiotics (GOS, MOS, β-glucan, IMO, and XOS) exhibited significant effects, and they were subsequently selected for further analysis of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and gut microbiota composition. After 12 h of in vitro fermentation, the MOS-supplemented group presented minimum pH and maximum trypsin and lipase activities. MOS outperformed other prebiotics, particularly butyric acid, in stimulating SCFA production. Compared with the other treatments, MOS significantly increased the growth of Clostridium and Lactococcus. Notably, MOS-driven butyrate accumulation was linked to the upregulation of anti-inflammatory pathways (e.g., NF-κB inhibition) and enhanced intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, MOS suppressed branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), potential markers of proteolytic dysbiosis, suggesting its role in mitigating gut inflammation. These findings highlight MOS as a potent immunomodulatory prebiotic for E. sinensis, providing a mechanistic basis for its application in antibiotic-free aquaculture strategies.

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甘露寡糖调节中华绒螯蟹肠道菌群并增强免疫代谢功能：来自体外发酵模型的见解

在水产养殖中，益生元有望替代抗生素增强疾病抵抗力，但其免疫调节机制尚不清楚。本研究通过体外实验，直接比较低聚果糖（FOSs）、半乳糖低聚糖（GOSs）、甘露寡糖（MOSs）、菊糖、β-葡聚糖、异麦芽糖糊精（IMO）和低聚木糖（xos） 7种益生元对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）肠道微生物群和代谢物的影响，探讨益生元对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）肠道微生物群和代谢物的调节作用。测定发酵液的pH值和消化酶活性。5种益生元（GOS、MOS、β-葡聚糖、IMO和XOS）表现出显著的影响，随后选择它们进行短链脂肪酸（SCFA）生成和肠道菌群组成的进一步分析。体外发酵12 h后，添加mos组的pH值最低，胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性最高。在刺激短链脂肪酸生成方面，MOS优于其他益生元，尤其是丁酸。与其他处理相比，MOS显著促进了梭状芽孢杆菌和乳球菌的生长。值得注意的是，mos驱动的丁酸盐积累与抗炎途径的上调（如NF-κB抑制）和肠道屏障完整性的增强有关。此外，MOS抑制支链脂肪酸（BCFAs），这是蛋白质水解失调的潜在标志物，表明其在减轻肠道炎症中的作用。这些结果表明，MOS是一种有效的免疫调节益生元，为其在无抗生素水产养殖策略中的应用提供了机制基础。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.