Exploring the role of traditional medicine in complementary management for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

Abstract

Background

Sexually Transmitted Disease (STDs) remain a significant global health issue, particularly affecting women due to biological and sociocultural factors. Traditional medicine has been widely used in the management of sexually transmitted disease due to its accessibility, affordability and cultural acceptance. However, it has several limitations that challenge its efficacy and reliability due to absence of rigorous scientific validation and clinical trials. The study was undertaken to explore the integration of traditional medicine with modern approaches to STD management. The purpose of the review to bridge the gap in knowledge between traditional medicinal practices and modern interventions through a comparative analysis. It also aims to address the gaps in healthcare access, particularly in underprivileged regions where economic constraints limit the availability of conventional allopathic treatments.

Methods

The study employed systematic literature review methodology to explore the application of traditional medicine in STD management. Databases such as Pub Med, Google scholar, science direct, web of science was searched from up to January 2024. Search terms included “traditional medicine, “STDs”, “medicinal plants” and specific plant names (eg: Neem, Echinea, Aloe vera). A total of 381 articles were initially retrieved and duplicates were removed. Inclusion criteria focused on studies providing in-vitro and in-vivo data for STD treatment, cultural applications and integration with modern medicine. Relevant were extracted using a structural database, capturing the plant species, active compounds, mechanisms of action and therapeutic outcomes. Cross referencing with WHO and national databases ensured the inclusion of the latest prevalence and management.

Results

The findings suggest practice of traditional medicines including the use of specific plants and holistic approaches offers valuable benefits in the management of STDs and enhancing overall wellbeing. The integration of traditional medicine with modern health practices provides a comprehensive approach that addresses not only the physical aspects of health but also the emotional and social dimension. The limitations of the findings presented in the review primarily stem from the limited number of clinical trials included. Such studies primarily elucidate theoretical mechanisms of action and biological pathways. However, these results cannot be directly extrapolated to clinical outcomes or therapeutic benefits in human populations, highlighting the need for caution when interpreting the transitional potential of these findings.

Discussion

The review highlights the importance of combine approach of traditional medicine with modern clinical practices to create an inclusive and culturally sensitive approach to STD management and female health. The significance of safe sexual practices, regular screenings and education about STD prevention, alongside traditional medicine, is emphasized as a part of comprehensive strategy to promote overall wellbeing.