Echinococcus granulosus in atypical localizations: Five case reports.

Ayse Sena Celik, Hacer Yosunkaya, Aysel Yayilkan Ozyilmaz, Kemal Bugra Memis, Sonay Aydin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Hydatid cyst disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, primarily affects the liver and lungs, but it can also develop in rare locations such as the kidneys, thyroid, subcutaneous tissues, bones, and the mediastinum. These atypical presentations often pose diagnostic challenges, as they can mimic benign and malignant pathologies, leading to potential misdiagnoses and inappropriate treatments. Early and accurate detection of hydatid cysts in uncommon sites is crucial for optimal patient management.

Case summary: This case report series presents five patients with hydatid cysts located in atypical anatomical regions: The kidney, lumbar subcutaneous tissue, gluteal soft tissue, posterior mediastinum, and thyroid gland. The patients exhibited diverse clinical symptoms, including hematuria, palpable masses, localized pain, and chronic cough. Diagnosis was confirmed through a combination of imaging techniques-ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging-along with serological testing. All cases were managed with antiparasitic therapy (albendazole), and in selected cases, surgical excision was performed to prevent complications such as cyst rupture or secondary infections. Post-treatment follow-up demonstrated complete resolution or stable cystic lesions, with no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion: Recognizing hydatid cysts in atypical locations is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate treatment strategies. Radiological imaging plays a key role in distinguishing hydatid cysts from other cystic and neoplastic conditions, while serological tests can aid in confirmation, particularly in endemic regions. A multidisciplinary approach, integrating radiology, clinical evaluation, and surgical expertise, is critical for effective diagnosis and management. This report highlights the need for increased awareness of extrapulmonary and extravisceral hydatid disease, emphasizing its significance in differential diagnosis and clinical practice.

棘球绦虫的非典型定位:5例报告。
背景:由细粒棘球绦虫引起的包虫病,主要影响肝脏和肺部,但它也可以在罕见的部位发展,如肾脏、甲状腺、皮下组织、骨骼和纵隔。这些非典型的表现通常会给诊断带来挑战,因为它们可以模拟良性和恶性病理,导致潜在的误诊和不适当的治疗。早期和准确的检测在不常见的地方包虫病是至关重要的最佳患者管理。病例总结:本病例报告系列报道了5例位于非典型解剖区域的包虫囊肿患者:肾脏、腰椎皮下组织、臀软组织、后纵隔和甲状腺。患者表现出多种临床症状,包括血尿、可触及的肿块、局部疼痛和慢性咳嗽。诊断是通过超声、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像等综合成像技术以及血清学检测来确定的。所有病例均接受抗寄生虫治疗(阿苯达唑),并在选定的病例中进行手术切除以防止并发症,如囊肿破裂或继发感染。治疗后随访显示完全消退或稳定的囊性病变,无复发迹象。结论:识别不典型部位的包虫病是避免误诊和确定适当治疗策略的关键。放射成像在区分包虫病与其他囊性和肿瘤性疾病方面起着关键作用,而血清学检查可以帮助确诊,特别是在流行地区。综合放射学、临床评估和外科专业知识的多学科方法对于有效的诊断和管理至关重要。本报告强调需要提高对肺外和肺外包虫病的认识,强调其在鉴别诊断和临床实践中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
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