Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation in Postmeningitis Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Mohammed A Al Hamoud, Ali Jaber Asiry, Mohammed S Alahmari, Salmah M Alharbi, Ibrahem Hamad Erwe, Majed Assiri
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Abstract

Background: Cochlear implantation (CI) has revolutionized auditory rehabilitation for patients with severe to profound hearing loss secondary to bacterial meningitis. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on CI outcomes in this patient population. Demographic characteristics, surgical techniques, and audiometric outcomes across studies published from 1993 to 2024 are highlighted.

Methodology: In a systematic search of electronic databases, 19 eligible studies from Europe, North America, China, and Turkey were identified. These studies included retrospective cohort designs, prospective cohorts, and case series that assessed various aspects of CI outcomes. Data extraction was focused on patient demographics, preimplantation characteristics, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes.

Results: The studies reported heterogeneous but positive audiological outcomes following CI. Significant improvements in speech perception and quality-of-life metrics were observed across different patient subgroups. This review identified variability in surgical approaches (eg, cochleostomy and circumodiolar drill-out), implant devices (eg, nucleus and advanced bionics), and speech processing strategies (eg, SPEAK and ACE). Audiological gains were influenced by factors such as age at implantation, duration of deafness, and presence of cochlear ossification.

Conclusion: CI offers significant benefits for patients with postmeningitis hearing loss, although the outcomes vary based on patient-specific factors and surgical techniques. The findings from this review underscore the importance of personalized treatment approaches and highlight areas for future research, including standardized outcome measures and long-term follow-up, to optimize patient outcomes and refine clinical protocols.

耳蜗植入治疗脑膜炎后听力损失的结果:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
背景:人工耳蜗植入(CI)彻底改变了细菌性脑膜炎继发性重度至重度听力损失患者的听觉康复。本系统综述综合了该患者群体CI结果的现有证据。强调了1993年至2024年发表的研究的人口统计学特征、手术技术和听力测量结果。方法:通过对电子数据库的系统检索,确定了来自欧洲、北美、中国和土耳其的19项符合条件的研究。这些研究包括回顾性队列设计、前瞻性队列设计和评估CI结果各个方面的病例系列。数据提取主要集中在患者人口统计学、植入前特征、手术细节和术后结果。结果:这些研究报告了CI后不同但积极的听力学结果。在不同的患者亚组中观察到语音感知和生活质量指标的显著改善。本综述确定了手术入路(如耳蜗造口术和环孔钻出术)、植入装置(如核和高级仿生学)和语音处理策略(如SPEAK和ACE)的可变性。听力增益受植入年龄、耳聋持续时间和耳蜗骨化等因素的影响。结论:CI为脑膜炎后听力损失患者提供了显著的益处,尽管结果因患者特定因素和手术技术而异。本综述的研究结果强调了个性化治疗方法的重要性,并强调了未来研究的领域,包括标准化的结果测量和长期随访,以优化患者结果和完善临床方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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