CRISPR-Cas in the Cheese Industry.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY
Audrey Leprince, Sylvain Moineau
{"title":"CRISPR-Cas in the Cheese Industry.","authors":"Audrey Leprince, Sylvain Moineau","doi":"10.1146/annurev-virology-092623-111016","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteria have evolved a wide range of defense systems to combat phage infections. In the cheese industry, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used for milk fermentation continuously face threats from phages. Therefore, selecting or developing industrial strains with enhanced phage resistance requires a focus on robust defense systems. Among these systems, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) are notably prevalent in LAB. The early characterization of this adaptive immune system was closely tied to the cheese industry, particularly with <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> in which CRISPR-Cas systems are ubiquitous and highly active. This review underscores the contributions of <i>S. thermophilus</i> and its virulent phages to our understanding of the function and mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas systems. Additionally, we review the diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems in LAB used in the cheese industry, the counter-defense strategies employed by dairy phages, and the applications of CRISPR-Cas systems within this sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":48761,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Virology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual Review of Virology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-092623-111016","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VIROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bacteria have evolved a wide range of defense systems to combat phage infections. In the cheese industry, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used for milk fermentation continuously face threats from phages. Therefore, selecting or developing industrial strains with enhanced phage resistance requires a focus on robust defense systems. Among these systems, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) are notably prevalent in LAB. The early characterization of this adaptive immune system was closely tied to the cheese industry, particularly with Streptococcus thermophilus in which CRISPR-Cas systems are ubiquitous and highly active. This review underscores the contributions of S. thermophilus and its virulent phages to our understanding of the function and mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas systems. Additionally, we review the diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems in LAB used in the cheese industry, the counter-defense strategies employed by dairy phages, and the applications of CRISPR-Cas systems within this sector.

CRISPR-Cas在奶酪行业中的应用。
细菌已经进化出了广泛的防御系统来对抗噬菌体感染。在奶酪工业中,用于牛奶发酵的乳酸菌(LAB)不断面临着噬菌体的威胁。因此,选择或开发具有增强噬菌体抗性的工业菌株需要关注强大的防御系统。在这些系统中,聚集的规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)及其CRISPR相关蛋白(Cas)在LAB中尤为普遍。这种适应性免疫系统的早期特征与奶酪行业密切相关,特别是嗜热链球菌,其中CRISPR-Cas系统无处不在且高度活跃。这篇综述强调了嗜热葡萄球菌及其毒力噬菌体对我们理解CRISPR-Cas系统的功能和机制的贡献。此外,我们回顾了奶酪行业中使用的实验室中CRISPR-Cas系统的多样性,乳制品噬菌体采用的反防御策略,以及CRISPR-Cas系统在该行业的应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信